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http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2018.28.8.945

Effect of ω3-Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Expression on Invasion and Tumorigenicity in Human Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells  

Hong, Tae-Hwa (Department of Biochemisty, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Shin, Soyeon (Department of Biochemisty, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Han, Seung-Hyeon (Department of Biochemisty, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Hwang, Byung-Doo (Department of Biochemisty, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Lim, Kyu (Department of Biochemisty, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.28, no.8, 2018 , pp. 945-954 More about this Journal
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (${\omega}3$-fatty acid) have been found to possess anticancer properties in a variety of cancer cell lines and animal models, but their effects in human tongue squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) remain unclear. This study was designed to examine the effect of ${\omega}3$-fatty acid desaturase (fat-1) gene expression on invasion and tumorigenicity in human tongue SCC cells and the molecular mechanism of its action. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) treatment inhibited in vitro invasion in a dose-dependent manner. In zymography, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and Matrix metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2) activities were reduced, and MMP-9 and MMP-2 promoter activities were inhibited by the DHA treatment. In addition, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promoter reporter activities were inhibited in SCC-4 and SCC-9 cells after the DHA treatment. To investigate the effect of a high level of endogenous ${\omega}3$ fatty acids, a stable SCC-9 cell line expressing the ${\omega}3$-desaturase gene (fSCC-9sc) was generated. The growth rate and colony-forming capacity of fSCC-9sc were remarkably decreased as compared with those of fSCC-9cc. Likewise, the tumor size and volume of fSCC-9sc implanted into nude mice were significantly inhibited, with increases in the cell death index. Furthermore, a transwell chamber invasion assay showed a reduction in cell invasion of the fSCC-9sc lines when compared with that of the fSCC-9cc line. These findings suggested that fat-1 gene expression inhibited tumorigenicity, as well as invasion in human tongue SCC cells. Thus, utilization of ${\omega}3$ fatty acids may represent a promising therapeutic approach for chemoprevention and the treatment of human tongue SCCs.
Keywords
DHA; invasion; MMP; SCC; ${\omega}3$-desaturase;
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