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http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2018.28.11.1301

Mytilin B, an Antimicrobial Peptide from the Hemocyte of the Hard-shelled Mussel, Mytilus coruscus : Isolation, Purification, and Characterization  

Lee, Min Jeong (Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Oh, Ryunkyoung (Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Kim, Young-Ok (Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Nam, Bo-Hye (Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Kong, Hee Jeong (Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Kim, Joo-Won (Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Park, Jung Youn (Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Seo, Jung-Kil (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kunsan National University)
Kim, Dong-Gyun (Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.28, no.11, 2018 , pp. 1301-1315 More about this Journal
Abstract
We purified an antimicrobial peptide from the acidified hemocyte extract of Mytilus coruscus by $C_{18}$ reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The peptide was 4041.866 Da based on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrophotometer (MALDI-TOF/MS) and the 25 amino acids of the N-terminus sequence were identified. Comparison of this sequence of the purified peptide with the N-terminus sequences of other antimicrobial peptides revealed 100% identity with the mytilin B precursor of Mytilus coruscus. We also identified a 312 bp open-reading frame (ORF) encoding 103 amino acids based on the obtained amino acid residues. The nucleotide sequence of this ORF and the amino acid sequence also revealed 100% identity with the mytilin B precursor of Mytilus coruscus. We synthesized two antimicrobial peptides with an alanine residue in the C-terminus, and designated them mytilin B1 and B2. These two antimicrobial peptides showed antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria, including Bacillus cereus and Streptococcus parauberis (minimal effective concentration, MECs $41.6-89.7{\mu}g/ml$), gram-negative bacteria, including Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Providencia stuartii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Vibrio ichthyoenteri (MECs $7.4-39.5{\mu}g/ml$), and the fungus Candida albicans (MECs $26.0-31.8{\mu}g/ml$). This antimicrobial activity was stable under heat and salt conditions. Furthermore, the peptides did not exhibit significant hemolytic activity or cytotoxic effects. These results suggest that mytilin B could be applied as alternative antibiotic agent, and they add to the understanding of the innate immunity of hard-shelled mussels.
Keywords
Antimicrobial peptide; innate immunity; mytilin B; Mytilus coruscus;
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