Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2017.27.12.1437

Anti-inflammatory Activities of an Ethanol Extract of Sargassum macrocarpum in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages  

Cheon, Ji Min (Department of Food and Nutrition, Dong-eui University)
Kim, Hyang Suk (Anti-againg Research Center, Dong-eui University)
Choi, Eun Ok (Anti-againg Research Center, Dong-eui University)
Kwon, Da Hye (Anti-againg Research Center, Dong-eui University)
Choi, Yung Hyun (Anti-againg Research Center, Dong-eui University)
Kim, Byung Woo (Division of Applied Bioengineering)
Hwang, Hye Jin (Department of Food and Nutrition, Dong-eui University)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.27, no.12, 2017 , pp. 1437-1444 More about this Journal
Abstract
Sargassum macrocarpum is a widely distributed marine brown algae found in the North Pacific. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of an ethanol extract of S. macrocarpum (EESM). First, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activities of EESM in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. EESM treatment suppressed nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) production and inhibited the expressions of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at the mRNA and protein levels. In addition, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) and interleukin-1 beta ($IL-1{\beta}$), was decreased in a dose dependent manner. Investigation of the signaling pathways of nuclear factor kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) revealed suppression of $NF-{\kappa}B$ translocation from the cytosol to nucleus by EESM treatment. The phosphorylation of the Akt and ERK proteins was also inhibited by EESM treatment. EESM treatment also stimulated the expression of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) enzyme and its upstream transcription factor, nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). These results suggest that EESM has anti-inflammatory activity and could have potential uses in the field of nutraceuticals.
Keywords
COX-2; iNOS; pro-inflammatory cytokines; RAW 264.7 macrophages; Sargassum macrocarpum;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Arthur, J. S. and Ley, S. C. 2013. Mitogen-activated protein kinases in innate immunity. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 13, 679-692.   DOI
2 Balogun, E., Hoque, M., Gong, P., Killeen, E., Green, C. J. Foresti, R., Alam, J. and Motterlini, R. 2003. Curcumin activates the heme oxygenase-1 gene via regulation of Nrf2 and the antioxidant responsive element. Biochem. J. 371, 887-895.   DOI
3 Cerella, C., Sobolewski, C., Dicato, M. and Diederich, M. 2010. Targeting COX-2 expression by natural compounds: a promising alternative strategy to synthetic COX-2 inhibitors for cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Biochem. Pharmachol. 15, 1801-1815.
4 Choi, H. S., Kim, S. R., Hong, S. H., Ku, J. M., Kim, M. K., Seo, H. S., Cho, S. G., Shin, S., Shin, Y. C. and Ko, S. G. 2013. Water extract of deer bones activates macrophages and alleviates neutropenia. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med. 2013, 617302.
5 Chung, H. T., Pae, H. O., Choi, B. M., Billiar, T. R. and Kim, Y. M.2001. Nitric oxide as a bioregulator of apoptosis. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 282, 1075-1079.   DOI
6 Condliffe, A. M., Cadwallader, K. A., Walker, T. R., Rintoul, R. C., Cowburn, A. S. and Chilvers, E. R. 2000. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase: a critical signalling event in pulmonary cells. Respir. Res. 1, 24-29.   DOI
7 Feghali, C. A. and Wright, T. M. 1997. Cytokines in acute and chronic inflammation, Front. Biosci. 2, 12-26.
8 Forstermann, U. and Kleinert, H. 1995. Nitric oxide synthase: expression and expressional control of the three isoforms. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 352, 351-364.
9 Fujihara, M., Muroi, M., Tanamoto, K., Suzuki, T., Azuma, H. and Ikeda, H. 2003. Molecular mechanisms of macrophage activation and deactivation by lipopolysaccharide: roles of the receptor complex. Pharmacol. Ther. 100, 171-194.   DOI
10 Guha, M. and Mackman, N. 2001. LPS induction of gene expression in human monocytes. Cell. Signal. 13, 85-94.   DOI
11 Halliwell B. and Gutteridge J. M. C. 1999. Antioxidant defenses. In Free radicals in Biology and Medicine. 3rd end. Oxford Science Publications. 105-159.
12 Hink, U. and Munzel, T. 2006. COX-2, another important player in the nitric oxide-endothelin cross-talk: good news for COX-2 inhibitors?. Circ. Res. 98, 1344-1346.   DOI
13 Hoffmann, J. A., Kofatos, F. C., Janeway, C. A. and Ezekowitz, R. A., 1999. Phylogenetic perspectives in innate immunity. Science 284, 1313-1318.   DOI
14 Iwalewa, E. O., Mcgaw, L. J., Naidoo, V. and Eloff, J. N. 2007. Inflammation: the foundation of diseases and disorders. A review of phytomedicines of south African origin used to treat pain and inflammatory conditions. African J. Biotechnol. 6, 2868-2885.   DOI
15 Kwon, D. H., Kang, H. J., Choi, Y. H., Chun, K. T., Lee, J. H., Kang K. H., Hyun, S. K., Kim, B. W. and Hwang, H. J. 2016. Immunomodulatory activity of water extract of Ulmus macrocarpa in macrophages. J. Life Sci. 26, 50-58.   DOI
16 Miyasaka, N. and Hirata, Y. 1997. Nitric oxide and inflammatory arthritides. Life Sci. 61, 2073-2081.   DOI
17 Laroux, F. S. 2004. Mechanisms of inflammation: the good, the ban and the ugly. Front. Biosci. 9, 3156-3162.   DOI
18 Locksley, R. M., Killeen, N. and Lenardo, M. J. 2001. The TNF and TNF receptor superfamilies: integrating mammalian biology. Cell 104, 487-501.   DOI
19 Medzhitov, R. and Janeway, C. A. Jr. 1998. An ancient system of host defense. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 10, 12-15.   DOI
20 Needleman, P. and Isakson, P. C. 1997. The discovery and function of COX-2. J. Rheumatol. 24, 6-8.
21 Takeda, K., Kaisho, T. and Akira, S. 2003. Toll-like receptors. Ann. Rev. Immunol. 21, 335-376.   DOI
22 Otterbein, L. E. and Choi, A. M. 2000. Heme oxygenase: colors of defense against cellular stress. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 279, 1029-1037.   DOI
23 Ren, K. and Torres, R. 2009. Role of interleukin-1${\beta}$ during pain and inflammation. Brain Res. Rev. 60, 57-64.   DOI
24 Shan, Y., Lambrecht, R. W., Donohue, S. E. and Bonkovsky, H. L. 2006. Role of Bach1 and Nrf2 in up-regulation of the heme oxygenase-1 gene by cobalt protoporphyrin. FASEB J. 20, 2651-2653.   DOI
25 Tsanga, C. K., Inaa, A., Gotob, T. and Kameia, Y. 2005. Sargachromenol, a novel nerve growth factor-potentiating substance isolated from Sargassum macrocarpum, promotes neurite outgrowth and survival via distinct signaling pathways in PC12D cells. Neuroscience 132, 633-643.   DOI
26 Turini, M. E. and DuBois, R. N. 2002. Cyclooxygenase-2: a therapeutic target. Ann. Rev. Med. 53, 35-57.   DOI
27 Albina, J. E. and Reichner, J. S. 1995. Nitric oxide in inflammation and immunity. New Horiz. 3, 461-464.
28 Yoon, Y. I., Hwang, J. S., Ahn, M. Y., Lee, Y. B., Han, M. S., Goo, T. W. and Yun, E. Y. 2015. Inhibition of inflammation by Popillia flavosellata ethanol extract in LPS- induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. J. Life Sci. 25, 993-999.   DOI
29 Yuto, K., Miyuki, S., Ken-ichiro, H., Ryuta, T. and Hiroshi, N. 2009. The novel anti-Propionibacterium acnes compound, Sargafuran, found in the marine brown alga Sargassum macrocarpum. J. Antibiot. 62, 259-263.   DOI
30 Wang, Y., Vodovotz, Y., Kim, P. K., Zamora, R. and Billiar, T. R. 2002. Mechanisms of hepatoprotection by nitric oxide. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 962, 415-422.   DOI