Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2017.27.10.1137

The Evaluation of UV-induced Mutation of the Microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris in Mass Production Systems  

Choi, Tae-O (Department of Microbiology, Pukyong National University)
Kim, Kyong-Ho (Department of Microbiology, Pukyong National University)
Kim, Gun-Do (Department of Microbiology, Pukyong National University)
Choi, Tae-Jin (Department of Microbiology, Pukyong National University)
Jeon, Young Jae (Department of Microbiology, Pukyong National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.27, no.10, 2017 , pp. 1137-1144 More about this Journal
Abstract
The microalgae Chlorella vulgaris has been considered an important alternative resource for biodiesel production. However, its industrial-scale production has been constrained by the low productivity of the biomass and lipid. To overcome this problem, we isolated and characterized a potentially economical oleaginous strain of C. vulgaris via the random mutagenesis technique using UV irradiation. Two types of mass production systems were compared for their yield of biomass and lipid content. Among the several putatively oleaginous strains that were isolated, the particular mutant strain designated as UBM1-10 in the laboratory showed an approximately 1.5-fold higher cell yield and lipid content than those from the wild type. Based on these results, UBM1-10 was selected and cultivated under outdoor conditions using two different types of reactors, a tubular-type photobioreactor (TBPR) and an open pond-type reactor (OPR). The results indicated that the mutant strain cultivated in the TBPR showed more than 5 times higher cell concentrations ($2.6g\;l^{-1}$) as compared to that from the strain cultured in the OPR ($0.5g\;l^{-1}$). After the mass cultivation, the cells of UBM1-10 and the parental strain were further investigated for crude lipid content and composition. The results indicate a 3-fold higher crude lipid content from UBM1-10 (0.3%, w/w) as compared to that from the parent strain (0.1% w/w). Therefore, this study demonstrated that the economic potential of C. vulgaris as a biodiesel production resource can be increased with the use of a photoreactor type as well as the strategic mutant isolation technique.
Keywords
Biodiesel resource; Chlorella vulgaris; mass-scale production; microalgae; mutagenesis;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Ahmad, A., Yasin, N. M., Derek, C. and Lim, J. 2011. Microalgae as a sustainable energy source for biodiesel production: A review. Renew. Sustainable Energy Rev. 15, 584-593.   DOI
2 Amin, S. 2009. Review on biofuel oil and gas production processes from microalgae. Energy Convers. Manage. 50, 1834-1840.   DOI
3 Anthony, J., Rangamaran, V. R., Gopal, D., Shivasankarasubbiah, K. T., Thilagam, M. L., Peter Dhassiah, M., Padinjattayil, D. S., Valsalan, V. N., Manambrakat, V., Dakshinamurthy, S., Thirunavukkarasu, S. and Ramalingam, K. 2015. Ultraviolet and 5'fluorodeoxyuridine induced random mutagenesis in Chlorella vulgaris and its impact on fatty acid profile: A new insight on lipid-metabolizing genes and structural characterization of related proteins. Mar. Biotechnol. 17, 66-80.   DOI
4 Banerjee, C., Dubey, K. K. and Shukla, P. 2016. Metabolic engineering of microalgal based biofuel production: Prospects and challenges. Front. Microbiol. 7, 432.
5 Brennan, L. and Owende, P. 2010. Biofuels from microalgae -a review of technologies for production, processing, and extractions of biofuels and co-products. Renew. Sustainable Energy Rev. 14, 557-577.   DOI
6 Choi, T. O. 2015. High-density culturing apparatus of microalgae of air exchange type. K. Chloland Co. Ltd (ed.), Republic of Korea (Patent No: 10-2015-0018351).
7 Carvalho, A. P., Meireles, L. A. and Malcata, F. X. 2006. Microalgal reactors: A review of enclosed system designs and performances. Biotechnol. Prog. 22, 1490-1506.   DOI
8 Chen, W., Sommerfeld, M. and Hu, Q. 2011. Microwave-assisted nile red method for in vivo quantification of neutral lipids in microalgae. Bioresour. Technol. 102, 135-141.   DOI
9 Chisti, Y. 2007. Biodiesel from microalgae. Biotechnol. Adv. 25, 294-306.   DOI
10 Dianursanti Rizkytata, B. T., Gumelar, M. T. and Abdullah, T. H. 2014. Industrial tofu wastewater as a cultivation medium of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. Energy Procedia 47, 56-61.   DOI
11 El-Kassas, H. Y. 2013. Growth and fatty acid profile of the marine microalga Picochlorum sp. Grown under nutrient stress conditions. Egypt. J. Aquat. Res. 39, 233-239.   DOI
12 Kim, J., Jung, J. M., Lee, J., Kim, K. H., Choi, T. O., Kim, J. K., Jeon, Y. J. and Kwon, E. E. 2016. Pyrogenic transformation of Nannochloropsis oceanica into fatty acid methyl esters without oil extraction for estimating total lipid content. Bioresour. Technol. 212, 55-61.   DOI
13 Guccione, A., Biondi, N., Sampietro, G., Rodolfi, L., Bassi, N. and Tredici, M. R. 2014. Chlorella for protein and biofuels: From strain selection to outdoor cultivation in a green wall panel photobioreactor. Biotechnol. Biofuels 7, 84-84.   DOI
14 Hounslow, E., Kapoore, R. V., Vaidyanathan, S., Gilmour, D. J. and Wright, P. C. 2016. The search for a lipid trigger: The effect of salt stress on the lipid profile of the model microalgal species Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for biofuels production. Curr. Biotechnol. 5, 305-313.   DOI
15 Hu, W. 2014. Dry weight and cell density of individual algal and cyanobacterial cells for algae research and development, University of Missouri--Columbia.
16 Huntley, M. E., Johnson, Z. I., Brown, S. L., Sills, D. L., Gerber, L., Archibald, I., Machesky, S. C., Granados, J., Beal, C. and Greene, C. H. 2015. Demonstrated large-scale production of marine microalgae for fuels and feed. Algal Res. 10, 249-265.   DOI
17 Katsuda, T., Shimahara, K., Shiraishi, H., Yamagami, K., Ranjbar, R. and Katoh, S. 2006. Effect of flashing light from blue light emitting diodes on cell growth and astaxanthin production of Haematococcus pluvialis. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 102, 442-446.   DOI
18 Lau, K. Y., Pleissner, D. and Lin, C. S. K. 2014. Recycling of food waste as nutrients in Chlorella vulgaris cultivation. Bioresour. Technol. 170, 144-151.   DOI
19 Mata, T. M., Martins, A. A. and Caetano, N. S. 2010. Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review. Renew. Sustainable Energy Rev. 14, 217-232.   DOI
20 Rios, L., Klein, B., Luz, L., Maciel Filho, R. and Maciel, M. W. 2015. Nitrogen starvation for lipid accumulation in the microalga species desmodesmus sp. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 175, 469-476.   DOI
21 Rodolfi, L., Chini Zittelli, G., Bassi, N., Padovani, G., Biondi, N., Bonini, G. and Tredici, M. R. 2009. Microalgae for oil: Strain selection, induction of lipid synthesis and outdoor mass cultivation in a low cost photobioreactor. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 102, 100-112.   DOI
22 Watanabe, A. 1960. List of algal strains in collection at the institute of applied microbiology, university of tokyo. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 6, 283-292.   DOI
23 Sharma, K. K., Schuhmann, H. and Schenk, P. M. 2012. High lipid induction in microalgae for biodiesel production. Energies 5, 1532-1553.   DOI
24 Slade, R. and Bauen, A. 2013. Micro-algae cultivation for biofuels: Cost, energy balance, environmental impacts and future prospects. Biomass Bioenergy 53, 29-38.   DOI
25 Trentacoste, E. M., Shrestha, R. P., Smith, S. R., Gle, C., Hartmann, A. C., Hildebrand, M. and Gerwick, W. H. 2013. Metabolic engineering of lipid catabolism increases microalgal lipid accumulation without compromising growth. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 110, 19748-19753.   DOI
26 Zayadan, B. K., Purton, S., Sadvakasova, A. K., Userbaeva, A. A. and Bolatkhan, K. 2014. Isolation, mutagenesis, and optimization of cultivation conditions of microalgal strains for biodiesel production. Russ. J. Plant Physiol. 61, 124-130.   DOI
27 Zhu, L. D., Li, Z. H. and Hiltunen, E. 2016. Strategies for lipid production improvement in microalgae as a biodiesel feedstock. Biomed. Res. Int. 2016, 8792548.