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http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2016.26.12.1422

Prototypes of Panaxadiol and Panaxatriol Saponins Suppress LPS-mediated iNOS/NO Production in RAW264.7 Murine Macrophage Cells  

Kim, Jin-Ik (Department of Bio Health Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Changwon National University)
Narantuya, Nandintsetseg (Department of Bio Health Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Changwon National University)
Choi, Yong-Won (Department of Bio Health Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Changwon National University)
Kang, Dae-Ook (Department of Bio Health Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Changwon National University)
Kim, Dong-Wan (Department of Bio Health Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Changwon National University)
Lee, Kyoung (Department of Bio Health Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Changwon National University)
Ko, Sung-Ryong (Bureau of General Affairs, The Korean Society of Ginseng)
Moon, Ja-Young (Department of Bio Health Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Changwon National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.26, no.12, 2016 , pp. 1422-1430 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the modulatory effects of two prototypes of Panax ginseng saponin fractions, 20(S)-protopanaxadiol saponins (PDS) and 20(S)-protopanaxatriol saponins (PTS), on the induction of inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells. For this purpose, RAW264.7 cells were treated with LPS ($10{\mu}g/ml$) before, after, or simultaneously with PDS or PTS ($150{\mu}g/ml$), and the released level of nitric oxide (NO) and expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were evaluated. When RAW264.7 cells were treated with LPS and ginseng saponin fractions simultaneously for 24 hr, PTS, compared to PDS, more strongly attenuated the NO production induced by LPS treatment. When the cells were pretreated with LPS for 2 hr followed by PDS or PTS treatment for 24 hr, both ginseng saponins strongly reduced NO release. The pretreatment of RAW264.7 cells with PDS or PTS for 2 hr followed by LPS treatment for 24 hr significantly attenuated the LPS-induced production of NO. PTS showed stronger inhibitory potency to NO generation than PDS. Our western blot experiment showed that both PDS and PTS ($150{\mu}g/ml$) also significantly down-regulated the expressions of iNOS and COX-2 induced by LPS treatment. Our results suggest that both PDS and PTS possess strong protective effects against LPS-stimulated inflammation and that their protective effects are mediated by the suppression of NO synthesis via down-regulation of pro-inflammatory enzymes, iNOS, and COX-2 in the RAW264.7 cells.
Keywords
COX-2; iNOS; lipopolysaccharide; 20(S)-protopanaxadiol; 20(S)-protopanaxatriol;
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