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http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2015.25.3.317

Protective Effects of Korean Red Ginseng against Alcohol-induced Hepatosteatosis  

Kim, Sun Ju (College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University)
Ki, Sung Hwan (College of Pharmacy, Chosun University)
Lee, Sangkyu (College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.25, no.3, 2015 , pp. 317-322 More about this Journal
Abstract
Alcohol-induced fatty liver (steatosis) results from excessive generation of reducing equivalents by ethanol metabolism. Generally, chronic ethanol treatment causes hepatosteatosis by regulating sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), which increases the synthesis of hepatic lipids. The effect of ethanol on SREBP-1c is mediated through mammalian sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1), a NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase that regulates hepatic lipid metabolism. Ginseng is a widely used herbal medicine that is used in Asia for its anti-diabetes and anti-obesity effects. The pharmacological and therapeutic effects of ginseng are primarily produced by bioactive constituents known as ginsenosides. Here, we examined the regulatory effects of Korean red ginseng (KRG) extracts on SREBP-1c and SIRT-1 on lipid homeostasis in AML-12 mouse hepatocytes. AML-12 cells were treated with ethanol and/or KRG extracts (0 - 1,000 μg/ml). Lipid droplets were assayed using Oil red O staining, and western blotting was used to measure SIRT-1 and SREBP-1 expression. Treatment with KRG extracts restored SIRT-1 expression and reduced SREBP-1c expression in ethanol-treated cells. We also showed that KRG extract and ginsenosides Rb2 and Rd significantly decreased SREBP-1 acetylation in ethanol-treated cells. These results show that treatment with KRG extract and its active ginsenoside constituents Rb2 and Rd protected against alcohol-related hepatosteatosis via regulation of SIRT-1 and downstream acetylation of SREBP-1c, which altered hepatic lipid metabolism.
Keywords
Acetylation; Ginsenoside Rd; Korean red ginseng extract; SIRT-1; SREBP-1c;
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