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http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2014.24.5.567

Gene Expression Analysis of Immune Cell Activation Markers in Extracts of Platycodon grandiflorum Containing Medicinal Herbs  

Kang, Shin Ae (Department of Parasitology, Pusan National University School of Medicine)
Chun, Sung Sik (Immunoregulatory Therapeutics Group in Brain Busan 21 Project)
Kang, Shin Kwon (Department of Medicinal Food, International University of Korea)
Chung, Young Chul (Department of Medicinal Food, International University of Korea)
Cheon, Eun Woo (Department of Medicinal Food, International University of Korea)
Cho, Sang Uk (JangSaeng Doraji Research Institute of Biotechnology)
Jung, Kyung Hwa (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungsung University)
Ahn, Soon Cheol (Immunoregulatory Therapeutics Group in Brain Busan 21 Project)
Yu, Hak Sun (Department of Parasitology, Pusan National University School of Medicine)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.24, no.5, 2014 , pp. 567-572 More about this Journal
Abstract
Extracts of Platycodon grandiflorum have been reported to show anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-metastatic, and hepato-protective effects. This study was designed to evaluate T-cell activation and M1/M2 differential macrophage activation by extracts of P. grandiflorum or P. grandiflorum containing various medicinal herbs. Using real-time RT-PCR, we analyzed expression levels of c-fos, and CD40L (T-cell activation markers) in splenocytes and iNOS, Ym1, and ARG1 in RAW 246.7 cells after treatment of CC (hot water extract of P. grandiflorum), MAEK (hot water extract of P. grandiflorum [82%] and six different plants), and HWAL (hot water extract of P. grandiflorum [7%] and eight different plants. The results showed that MAEK significantly elevated the expression of T-cell activation markers of splenocytes, with the c-fos gene activated more than 10-fold and the CD40L gene activated more than 6-fold. Although CD40L was significantly increased by CC and HWAL, the increase was only about 2-fold. In addition, CC and HWAL did not significantly activate the expression of the c-fos gene. On the other hand, CC elevated the M1 activation marker iNOS, and HWAL elevated the M2 activation marker Ym1 and ARG1 gene expression. In conclusion, MAEK could be used as an immune stimulant because of its ability to activate T cells (elicited c-fos and CD40L gene expression), whereas HWAL could serve as an anti-inflammatory agent because of its differential activation of M2 macrophages.
Keywords
Anti-inflammation; immune activation; macrophages; Platycodon grandiflorum; splenocytes;
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