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http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2013.23.4.501

Anti-inflammatory Effects of Inhalation of Injured Starfish Extracts on Formaldehyde Exposure  

Hwang, Kyung Hee (School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University)
Chang, Su Chan (School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University)
Park, Jong Seok (School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University)
Wahid, Fazli (School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University)
Kim, You Young (School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.23, no.4, 2013 , pp. 501-509 More about this Journal
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) is widely used in industries, and it is an indoor and outdoor pollutant. Exposure to FA may cause inflammation and respiratory oxidative stress. Studies have demonstrated that FA can cause cancer in animal models. During the regeneration process of injured starfish (Asterina pectinifera), several changes have been observed in the expression of cytokines. In particular, higher TGF-${\beta}1$ expression has been detected in arm cut starfish extract after eight days. The current study was designed to elucidate the in-vitro and the in-vivo pharmacological effects of starfish extract on FA exposure. We investigated the protective effects of intact starfish extract and arm cut starfish extract on an IMR-90 cell line and on mouse lung injury in response to FA exposure. In the presence of FA, inhalation of the arm cut starfish extract was associated with more promising cell proliferation, TNF-${\alpha}$, NF-${\kappa}B$ decrement, and $I{\kappa}-B{\alpha}$ increment. In the experimental group, the pulmonary structure of the arm cut starfish extract-treated group in the presence of FA exposure was similar to the control group, whereas the FA exposure group showed damage to the pulmonary structure. Moreover, the arm cut starfish extracts was more effective than the intact starfish extracts in terms of the expression of TNF-${\alpha}$, NF-${\kappa}B$, $I{\kappa}-B{\alpha}$, and surfactant protein A. The results obtained in this study demonstrate that arm cut starfish extracts are more effective in protecting pulmonary structure and function against FA exposure than intact starfish extracts.
Keywords
Starfish; nebulizer; formaldehyde; inhalation; inflammation; anti-oxidants;
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