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http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2012.22.10.1330

Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Solvent Fraction from Theobroma cacao L. Extract  

Kim, Young-Sun (Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University)
Lee, Jin-Young (Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University)
Cho, Young-Je (School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Food & Bio-Industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University)
An, Bong-Jeun (Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.22, no.10, 2012 , pp. 1330-1338 More about this Journal
Abstract
Solvent extracts of Theobroma cacao L. (TCL) were investigated for anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in order to consider TCL as a functional ingredient for cosmetic products. TCL(A) extract was fractioned according to polarity with $CHCl_3$, EtOAc, n-BuOH, and water. Following TCL(A) fractionation, the electron-donating ability of the n-BuOH and EtOAc solvent fractions (each 100 ${\mu}g/ml$) was about 76.2% and 53.9%, respectively. The superoxide anion radical inhibitory effect of the n-BuOH and EtOAc solvent fractions (each 50 ${\mu}g/ml$) was about 76.09% and 51.4%, respectively. Results of lipid oxidation showed that $Fe^{2+}$ had a greater chelating effect than $Cu^{2+}$. The $Fe^{2+}$ chelating effect of the EtOAc solvent fraction (50 ${\mu}g/ml$) was about 64%. Hyaluronidase inhibition related to the anti-inflammatory effect was 53.0% with EtOAc at 100 ${\mu}g/ml$, while the lipoxygenase inhibitory effect was about 51.32% at 10 ${\mu}g/ml$. The anti-inflammatory activity in the EtOAc fraction inhibited the generation of nitric oxide. Results also showed that iNOS protein expression increased in RAW264.7 cells. In contrast, at 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ EtOAc, iNOS and COX-2 protein expression significantly decreased in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.
Keywords
Anti-oxidative; anti-inflammatory; iNOS; COX-2; Theobroma cacao L.;
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