Effects of the Red Garlic Extract for Anti-Obesity and Hypolipidemic in Obese Rats Induced High Fat Diet |
Lee, Soo-Jung
(Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University)
Kim, Ra-Jeong (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University) Ryu, Ji-Hyun (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University) Shin, Jung-Hye (Namhae Garlic Research Institute) Kang, Min-Jung (Namhae Garlic Research Institute) Kim, In-Soo (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University) Sung, Nak-Ju (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University) |
1 | Kerckhoffs, D. A. J. M., F. Brouns, G. Hornstra, and R. P. Mensink. 2002. Effects on the human serum lipoprotein profile of -glucan, soy protein and isoflavones, plant sterols and stanols, garlic and tocotrienols. J. Nutr. 132, 2494-2505. |
2 | Kim, H. S., S. Y. Lee, C. H. Kim, S. J. Ohh, J. S. Shin, and K. I. Sung. 2003. Effect of chromium methionine supplementation on obesity index and serum lipids in rats. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 32, 706-709. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
3 | Kim, S. W., S. J. Moon, and B. M. Popkin. 2001. The nutrition transition in South Korea. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 71, 44-53. |
4 | Kim, S. Y., H. S. Kim, S. H. Kim, I. S. Su, and S. Y. Chung. 2003. Effects of the feeding Platycodon grandiflorum and Codonopsis ianceolata on the fatty acid composition of serum and liver in rats. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 27, 1211-1216. |
5 | Ko, D. U. 2004. Effect of job's tears on the obesity range of rat. Ph. D. Thesis, Yongin University, Yongin, Korea. |
6 | Koh, J. B. and M. A. Choi. 2001. Effect of Cordyceps militaris on lipid metabolism in rats fed cholesterol diet. Korean J. Nutr. 34, 265-270. 과학기술학회마을 |
7 | Kong, C. S. and K. Y. Park. 2008. Anti-obesity effect of garlic-added kochujang in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 13, 66-70. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
8 | Kwon, J. Y., H. S. Cheigh, and Y. O. Song. 2004. Weight reduction and lipid lowering effects of kimchi lactic acid powder in rats fed high rat diets. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 36, 1014-1019. |
9 | Gorinstein, S., M. Leontowicz, H. Leontowicz, K. Najman, J. Namiesnik, Y. S. Park, S. T. Jung, S. G. Kang, and S. Trakhtenberg. 2006. Supplementation of garlic lowers lipids and increases antioxidant capacity in plasma of rats. Nutr. Res. 26, 362-368. DOI |
10 | Haglund, O., R. Loustarinen, R. Wallin, I. Wibell, and T. Saldeen. 1991. The effect of fish oil on triglycerides, cholesterol, fibrinogen and malondialdehyde in humans supplemented with vitamin. Eur. J. Nutr. 121, 165-172. |
11 | Hwang, W. I., S. D. Lee, H. S. Son, N. G. Baik, and R. H. Ji. 1990. Effect of fresh garlic extract on the tumor cell growth and immunopotentiating activity. J. Korean Soc. Food Nutr. 19, 494-508. |
12 | Igarashi, K. and M. Ohmuma. 1995. Effect of isorhamnetin, rhamnetin and quercitin on the concentration of cholesterol and lipoperoxide in the serum and liver and on the blood and liver antioxidative enzyme activities of rats. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 59, 595-598. DOI |
13 | Imai, J., N. Ide, S. Nagae, T. Moriguchi, H. Matsuura, and Y. Itakura. 1994. Antioxidant and radical scavenging effects of aged garlic extract and its constituents. Planta Med. 60, 417-420. DOI |
14 | Jastrzebski, Z., H. Leontowicz, M. Leontowicz, J. Namiesnik, Z. Zachwieja, H. Barton, E. Pawelzik, P. Arancibia-Avila, F. Toledo, and S. Gorinstein. 2007. The bioactivity of processed garlic (Allium sativum L.) as shown in vitro and in vivo studies on rats. Food Chem. Toxicol. 45, 1626-1633. DOI |
15 | Kang, M. J., S. J. Lee, J. H. Shin, S. K. Kang, J. G. Kim, and N. J. Sung. 2008. Effect of garlic with different processing on lipid metabolism in 1% cholesterol fed rats. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 37, 162-169. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
16 | Kang, S. M., J. Y. Shim, S. J. Hwang, S. G. Hong, H. E. Jang, and M. H. Park. 2003. Effects of Saengshik supplementation on health improvement in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 32, 906-912. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
17 | Corzo-Martinez, M., N. Corso, and M. Villamiel. 2007. Biological properties of onions and garlic. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 18, 609-625. DOI |
18 | Choi, J., K. T. Lee, W. B. Kim, K. K. Park, W. Y. Chung, J. H. Lee, S. C. Lim, H. J. Jung, and H. J. Park. 2005. Effect of Allium victorialis var. platylphyllum leaves on triton WR-1339-induced and poloxamer-407-induced hyperlipidemic rats and on diet-induced obesity rats. Korean J. Pharmacogn. 36, 109-115. |
19 | Choi, M. K., J. S. Lee, W. J. Park, M. H. Kim, and M. H. Kang. 2009. Effects of ethanol extract from Lycii folium leaves on obesity and blood biochemical indices in high-fat diet induced obese rats. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 38, 1707-1711. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
20 | Cheung, P. C. K. 1998. Plasma and hepatic cholesterol levels and fecal neutral sterol excretion are altered in hamsters fed straw mushroom diets. J. Nutr. 128, 1512-1516. |
21 | Cristol, L. S., I. Jialal, and S. M. Grundy. 1992. Effect of low dose probucol therapy on LDL oxidation and the plasma lipoprotein profile in male volunteers. Atherosclerosis 97, 11-20. DOI |
22 | Folch, J., M. Lees, and G. H. Sloane-Stanley. 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226, 497-502. |
23 | Friedewald, W. T., R. I. Levy, and D. S. Fredrickson. 1972. Estimation of the concentration of low density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem. 18, 499-502. |
24 | Frings, C. S., T. W. Frendley, R. T. Dunn, and C. A. Queen. 1972. Improved determination of total serum lipids by the sulfo-phospho-vanillin reaction. Clin. Chem. 18, 763-764. |
25 | Ban, S. S., H. D. Yoon, O. C. Shin, Y. J. Shin, C. S. Park, J. H. Park, and B. I. Seo. 2006. The effects of Artemisiae capillaris, Ponciri fructus and Cartaegi fructus in obese rats induced by high fat diet. Korean J. Herbology 21, 55-67. 과학기술학회마을 |
26 | Gokkusu, C. and T. Mostafazadeh. 2003. Changes in oxidative stress in various tissues by long-term administration of vitamin E in hypercholesterolemic rats. Clin. Chem. Acta. 328, 155-161. DOI |
27 | Aziz, H. A., Y. T. F. Tan, K. K. Peh, and M. F. Yam. 2010. Direct effect of khat and garlic extracts on blood lipids contents: Preliminary in vitro study. Obes. Res. Clin. Pract. 4, e247-e252. DOI |
28 | Azuma, K., M. Nasayoshi, M. Koshioka, K. Ippoushi, Y. Yamaguchi, K. Kohata, Y. Yamauchi, H. Ito, and H. Higashio. 1999. Phenolic antioxidants from the leaves of Corchorus olitorius L. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47, 3963-3966. DOI |
29 | Chi, M. S., E. T. Koh, and T. J. Stewart. 1982. Effect of garlic on lipid metabolism in rats fed cholesterol or lard. J. Nutr. 112, 241-248. |
30 | Cho, Y. S., E. M. Jang, S. M. Jang, M. S. Chun., M. Y. Shon, M. J. Kim, and M. K. Lee. 2007. Effect of grape seed water extract on lipid metabolism and erythrocyte antioxidant defense system in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. J. Korean Soc. Food. Sci. Nutr. 36, 1537-1543. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
31 | Shin, J. H., D. J. Choi, M. J. Chung, M. J. Kang, and N. J. Sung. 2008. Changes of physicochemical components and antioxidant activity of aged garlic at different temperatures. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 37, 1174-1181. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
32 | Choi, H. T., E. S. Kim, S. S. Ham, S. Y. Park, and H. Y. Chung. 2008. Effects of complex food ingredient composed of garlic and fermented soybean hypocotyl on the serum lipid profiles of the rats fed high-fat diet. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 40, 215-219. 과학기술학회마을 |
33 | Yang, S. T. 2007. Antioxidative activity of extracts of aged black garlic on oxidation of human low density lipoprotein. J. Life Sci. 17, 1330-1335. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
34 | Yoon, H. J. and Y. S. Park. 2010. Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis water extract on lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system in rats fed high fat diet. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 39, 219-226. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
35 | Yoon, J. Y., K. O. Jung, J. H. Kil, and K. Y. Park. 2005. Antiobesity effect of major Korean spices (red pepper powder, garlic and ginger) in rats fed high diet. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 10, 58-63. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
36 | Yu, Y. Y. and M. Y. Shaw. 1994. Garlic reduces plasma lipids by inhibiting hepatic cholesterol and triacylglycerol synthesis. Lipids 29, 189-193. DOI |
37 | Rendu, F., D. Daveloose, J. C. Debouzy, N. Bourdeau, S. Levy-Toledano, M. K. Jain, and R. Apitz-Castro. 1989. Ajoene, the antiplatelet compound derived from garlic, specifically inhibits platelet release reaction by affecting the plasma membrane internal microviscosity. Biochem. Pharmacol. 38, 1321-1328. DOI |
38 | Seo, Y. J., O. C. Gweon, J. Im, Y. M. Lee, M. J. Kang, and J. I. Kim. 2009. Effect of garlic and aged black garlic on hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 14, 1-7. 과학기술학회마을 DOI ScienceOn |
39 | Sheo, H. J. 2000. Toxic effects of the megadose garlic juice in the rats. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 29, 485-492. 과학기술학회마을 |
40 | Shimomura, Y., T. Tamura, and M. Suzuki. 1990. Less body fat accumulation in rats fed a safflower oil diet than in rats fed a beef tallow diet. J. Nutr. 120, 1291-1296. |
41 | Shin, J. H., D. J. Choi, S. J. Lee, J. Y. Cha, and N. J. Sung. 2008. Antioxidant activity of black garlic (Allium sativum L.). J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 37, 965-971. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
42 | Shin, M. K. and S. H. Han. 2006. Effects of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner) leaf powder on lipid concentrations in rats fed high fat diet rats. Korean J. Food Culture 21, 202-208. 과학기술학회마을 |
43 | Woo, M. N., S. H. Bok, and M. S. Choi. 2009. Hypolipidemic and body fat-lowering effects of Fatclean in rats fed a high-fat diet. Food Chem. Toxicol. 47, 2076-2082. DOI |
44 | Kwon, T. D., S. W. Choi, S. J. Lee, K. W. Chung, and S. C. Lee. 2001. Effects of polyphenol or vitamin C ingestion on antioxidative activity during exercise in rats. Korean J. Physical Education 3, 891-899. |
45 | Lee, J. S. 1985. Effect of age on the lipid metabolism in the rats fed diets with different levels of dietary fat. M. S. Thesis, Ewha Women University, Seoul, Korea. |
46 | Lim, B. O., T. W. Seo, H. M. Shin, D. K. Park, S. U. Kim, K. H. Cho, and H. C. Kim. 2000. Effect of Betulae platyphyllae Cortex on free radical in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. Korean J. Herbology 15, 69-77. 과학기술학회마을 |
47 | Lee, J. W. and J. H. Do. 2006. Current studies on red reaction products and acidic polysaccharide in Korean red ginseng. J. Ginseng Res. 30, 41-48. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
48 | Lee, S. J., J. H. Shin, M. J. Kang, W. J. Jung, J. H. Ryu, R. J. Kim, and N. J. Sung. 2010. Antioxidants activity of aged red garlic. J. Life Sci. 20, 775-781. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
49 | Lee, S. K., S. H. So, E. I. Hwang, B. S. Koo, G. H. Han, S. B. Ko, and N. M. Kim. 2008. Effect of ginseng and herbal plant mixtures on anti-obesity in obese SD rat induced by high fat diet. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 37, 437-444. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
50 | Matanjun, P., S. Mohamed, K. Muhammad, and N. M. Mustapha. 2010. Comparison of cardiovascular protective effects of tropical seaweeds, Kappaphycus alvarezi, Caulerpa lentillifera, and Sargassum polycystum, on high-cholesterol/high-fat diet in rats. J. Med. Food 13, 792-800. DOI |
51 | Mun, J. H. 2004. The risk factors of metabolic syndrome and the association between metabolic syndrom and -GPT. Ph. D. Thesis, Chungang University, Seoul, Korea. |
52 | Kempaiah, R. K. and K. Srinivasan. 2006. Beneficial influence of dietary curcumin, capsaicin and garlic on erythrocyte integrity in high-fat fed rats. J. Nutr. Biochem. 17, 471-478. DOI |