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http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2009.19.4.520

Effect of Neurogranin Phosphorylation on Oxidative Stress by Hydrogen Peroxide in Early Onset of Batten Disease  

Yoon, Dong-Ho (Department of biotechnology, Hoseo university)
Kim, Han-Bok (Department of biotechnology, Hoseo university)
Park, Joo-Hoon (Department of cosmetic science, Hoseo university)
Kim, Sung-Jo (Department of biotechnology, Hoseo university)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.19, no.4, 2009 , pp. 520-525 More about this Journal
Abstract
Early onset of Batten disease (EBD), one of the most lethal neurodegenerative storage disorders of childhood, is caused by inactivating mutations in the Ceroid Lipofuscinosis, Neuronal (CLN1) gene. Neurogranin, a calmodulin-binding protein, is expressed in the brain and participates in the protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway. While oxidative stress is the suggested cause of neurodegeneration in EBD, its molecular mechanism(s) remains obscure. In this research, we examined the levels of neurogranin in the brain mRNA of wild-type (WT) mice and EBD knockout (KO) mice, as well as the proteins. We also performed neuronal cultures to measure the expression levels of neurgranin and phosphorylated-neurogranin with or without oxidative stress inducers and anti-oxidants. Results showed that neurogranin in both EBD KO mice brain mRNA and protein extracts decreased in an age dependent manner. However, high amounts of phosphorylated-neurogranin were detected in the 6-month brain. This pattern was also confirmed by cultured neurospheres samples. Moreover, neurospheres treated with $H_2O_2$, an oxidative stress inducer, showed increased phosphorylated-neurogranin patterns. Interestingly, this pattern returned to normal status when treated with N-acetyl-L-cystein, an anti-oxidant, after $H_2O_2$ treatment was performed. Our results suggest that the phosphorylation of neurogranin is affected by oxidative stress status in EBD, and appropriate anti-oxidant treatment will relieve hyper-phosphorylation of neurogranin.
Keywords
Neurogranin; oxidative stress; anti-oxidant; early onset of Batten disease (EBD);
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