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http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2007.17.8.1053

Tamoxifen Induces Mitochondrial-dependent Apoptosis via Intracellular Ca2+ Modulation  

Jang, Eun-Seong (Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University)
Kim, Ji-Young (Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University)
Kim, Byeong-Gee (Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.17, no.8, 2007 , pp. 1053-1062 More about this Journal
Abstract
In the present work, we show that tamoxifen(Tam)-induced cytotoxicity is due to the mitochondrial-dependent pathway triggered by the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ increase in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Tam induced the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ increase. According to the experimental results with $Ca^{2+}$ channel blockers, Tam-induced $Ca^{2+}$ uptake seemed to depend on the voltage-sensitive $Ca^{2+}$ channel at the early stage, but at later stages the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ increases are more likely due partly to the release of stored $Ca^{2+}$ and partly to the capacitative $Ca^{2+}$ or other entry pathways. Tam-induced $Ca^{2+}$ increase led to the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol and the change of mitochondrial membrane potential. In MCF-7 cells, caspase-7 plays a key role in the downstream of apoptosis because caspase-3 is absent. In the cells treated with Tam, caspase-7 cleavage was increased almost two-fold. There was no marked alteration in the level of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein; however, the cells showed increased expression of pro-apoptotic Bax protein more than two-fold in response to Tam. These results imply that the apoptotic signaling pathway activated by Tam is likely to be mediated via the mitochondrial-dependent pathway.
Keywords
Apoptosis; calcium; cytochrome c; MCF-7; tamoxifen;
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