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http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2012.18.3.201

Functional Analysis of Bacillus subtilis Isolates and Biological Control of Red Pepper Powdery Mildew Using Bacillus subtilis R2-1  

Kim, Yong-Ki (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
Hong, Sung-Jun (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
Shim, Chang-Ki (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
Kim, Min-Jeong (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
Choi, Eun-Jung (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
Lee, Min-Ho (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
Park, Jong-Ho (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
Han, Eun-Jung (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
An, Nan-Hee (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
Jee, Hyeong-Jin (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
Publication Information
Research in Plant Disease / v.18, no.3, 2012 , pp. 201-209 More about this Journal
Abstract
The multi-function of 18 Bacillus subtilis isolates collected from agricultural extension centers of local government and National Academy of Agricultural Science was investigated by measuring their antifungal activities against five plant pathogens, such as Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum acutatum, Fusarium oxysporum, Magnaporthe oryzae and Phytophthora capsici, phosphorus solubilization ability, production of indole acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore, and nitrogen fixation. The B. subtilis isolates showed antifungal activity against several plant pathogens and nitrogen fixation activity, and produced siderophore and IAA. They could control pepper powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica), but there was no difference in control efficacy among the B. subtilis isolates. In fields, the control efficacy of B. subtilis R2-1 ($10^8$ cells/ml) was compared with two microbial fungicides, Q-pect and Topsid. In 2009, the control efficacy of B. subtilis R2-1 (37.7%) was lower than that of Topsid (47.6%), but higher than that of Q-pect (25.7%). In 2010, the control efficacy of B. subtilis R2-1 (83.3%) was higher than that of Topsid (67.9%). In order to elucidate mode of action of B. subtilis R2-1 for controlling pepper powdery mildew, spore germination rates of pepper powdery mildew pathogen collected on treated leaves was investigated when suspensions of B. subtilis R2-1 and two microbial fungicides (Q-pect and Topsid) were foliar-sprayed. They highly suppressed spore germination of the pathogen with inhibition values of 84.2% for B. subtilis R2-1, 97.9% for Q-pect and 94.7% for Topsid. Further study on the mass-culturing method and formulation is needed for development of a microbial fungicide.
Keywords
Antifungal activity; Bacillus subtilis R2-1; Indole acetic acid; Nitrogen fixation; Pepper powdery mildew; Siderophore;
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