Occurrence of Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker Disease and Control by Cultivation Ope

to investigate occurrence of kiwifruit bacterial canker disease,172 kiwifmit orchards in Jeonnam and Gyeong-nam provinces were surveyed from March to April in 1999. In the south coast region of Korea, such as Haenam, Wando, Jindo, Jangheung, and Bosuns, red-rusty brown bacterial oozes were observed in 17 kiwifvuit orchards. Disease incidences varied from 2.2% to 100% depending on various regions. Total 22.8 ha of kiwifruit orchards were destroyed by occurrence backerial canker at 1999 in Korea. Orchard in Wando, Jindo, and Goheng were severely damaged in 1999. The seasonal variation of bacterial canker incidence was also investigated from 1996 to 1997 on leaves, vines and twigs of kiwifruit. Red-rusty brown bacterial ooze was exuded from mid February or early March to late April in creaked site of vine and twig. The seasonal incidence of bacterial canker on leaves appeared from late April to late June, and rapidly increased during May, Optimum growth temperature of Pseudomonas sytingae pv. actinidiae was at $25^{\circ}C$ on King's B medium and did not grow at 33$^{\circ}C$. We suggest that spreading of bacterial canker was suppressed under the plastic flim and windbreak net house.

참다래 궤양병 발생상황과 시설재배에 의한 방제

1999년 3월부터 4월까지 전남과 경남지역의 참다래 주산지 172 포장에서 발병상황을 조사하였다. 해남, 완도, 진도, 장흥, 보성 등의 17개 포장에서 적갈색 수피터짐 증상이 조사되었으며, 발병주율은 2.2~100%로 지역에 따른 차이를 보였고 궤양병에 의해 폐원된 면적은 22.8 ha.로 피해가 심한 지역은 완도 13 ha, 진도 3.9 ha, 고흥 3.6 ha등이었다. 1996년부터 1997년까지 2년에 걸쳐 줄기와 잎에서 발생소장을 조사하였다. 줄기에서 2월 중순부터 3월 상순에 초발하여 4월 하순까지 발병하였으며, 잎에서 는 4월 하순에 병징을 보이기 시작하여 5월에 발병이 급격히 증가하였고 6월 하순까지 발병하였다. Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae 균주의 생장적온은 $25^{\circ}C$, 22, 27, 17순이었고, 5와 3$0^{\circ}C$에서는 생육이 부진하였고, 33$^{\circ}C$이상에서는 생육하지 못하였다. 비가림하우스와 파풍망하우스재배는 궤양병 전염억제효과가 우수하였다.