Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2017.47.3.264

A checklist of endemic plants on the Korean Peninsula  

Chung, Gyu Young (Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University)
Chang, Kae Sun (Forest Biodiversity Division and Herbarium, Korea National Arboretum)
Chung, Jae-Min (Conservation Division, Korea National Arboretum)
Choi, Hyeok Jae (Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University)
Paik, Weon-Ki (Division of Life Science and Chemistry, Daejin University)
Hyun, Jin-Oh (Northeastern Asia Biodiversity Institute)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy / v.47, no.3, 2017 , pp. 264-288 More about this Journal
Abstract
In order to organize a new checklist for endemic vascular plants of the Korean Peninsula, 358 taxa of the Korea Forest Service and 375 taxa of the National Institute of Biological Resources were reviewed. In addition, the names of previously published endemic plants above the rank of variety were checked up to 2016. From the two lists, a total of 444 taxa were identified. Among them, 289 taxa were common on the two lists, but 69 and 86 taxa were listed only by the Korea Forest Service and by the National Institute of Biological Resources, respectively. Taxonomic documents including journal papers and dissertations were examined with regard to the 444 taxa. In some cases, opinions of Korean experts in this field were also reflected. From the results, 312 taxa in total were recognized as plants endemic to the Korean Peninsula, while 132 taxa could not be included on the endemic list. On the other hand, 48 taxa, none of which existed on the two lists, were newly listed. In conclusion, the new checklist of vascular plants endemic to Korea was confirmed, with a total of 360 taxa consisting of 64 families, 172 genera, 297 species, 4 subspecies, 51 varieties and 8 hybrids. The new common name Halla-seol-aeng-cho is given to Primula farinosa L. subsp. modesta (Bisset & S. Moore) Pax var. hannasanensis (T. Yamaz.) T. Yamaz. Sillaphyton Pimenov (Deok-u-gi-reum-na-mul-sok) is newly identified as a genus endemic to Korea. However, Pentactina Nakai could not be included on the list of Korean vascular endemic genera.
Keywords
Endemic; vascular plants; Korean Peninsula; checklist;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 33  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Chang, C.-S. and H. Y. Gil. 2014. Sorbus ulleungensis, a new endemic species on Ulleung Island, Korea. Harvard Papers in Botany 19: 247-255.   DOI
2 Chang, C. S., H. Kim and K. S. Chang. 2011. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna & Flora of Korea. Vol. 43. Woody Plants. Ministry of Education Science and Technology, Paju, 509 pp. (in Korean)
3 Chen, J. Y. 2008. A taxonomic revision of Syringa L. (Oleaceae). Cathaya; Annals of the Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany and Herbarium, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences 17-18: 1-170.
4 Chen, J. Y., Z. S. Zhang and D. Y. Hong. 2009. A taxonomic revision of the Syringa pubescens complex (Oleaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 96: 237-250.   DOI
5 Choi, B. H. and S. G. Kwon. 2001. Taxonomy of Korean endemic species of Vicia hirticalycina based on morphological and genetic variations. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 31: 15-31. (in Korean)   DOI
6 Choi, H.-J. and B.-U. Oh. 2003. Taxonomy of the Allium sect. Sacculiferum in Korea: with a special reference to the morphology. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 33: 339-357. (in Korean)   DOI
7 Choi, H. J. and B. U. Oh. 2011. A partial revision of Allium (Amaryllidaceae) in Korea and northeastern China. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 167: 153-211.   DOI
8 Kim, J. O., M. N. Tamura, S. Fuse and N. S. Lee. 2014. Taxonomic status and phylogeny of Veratrum section Veratrum (Melanthiaceae) in Korea and Japan based on chloroplast and nuclear sequence data. Plant Systematics and Evolution 300: 75-89.   DOI
9 Kim, J.-S., J.-M. Chung, J.-H. Kim, W. Lee, B.-Y. Lee and J.-H. Pak. 2016a. Floristic study and conservation management strategies of algific talus slopes on the Korean peninsula. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 46: 213-246. (in Korean)   DOI
10 Kim, J, Y. 2017a. A taxonomic study on Aster hispidus complex in Korea. M.S. thesis, Andong National University, Andong, 72 pp. (in Korean)
11 Kim, K. J. and S. M. Yun. 2012. A new species of Melampyrum (Orobanchaceae) from Southern Korea. Phytotaxa 42: 48-50.   DOI
12 Kim, K. O., S. H. Hong, Y. H. Lee, C. S. Na, B. H. Kang and Y. W. Son. 2009. Taxonomic status of endemic plants in Korea. Journal of Ecology and Field Biology 32: 277-293.
13 Kim, M., S. So, E. Seo, H. Park, K. Han and K. Heo. 2007. Taxonomical review for Tilingia tsusimensis (Apiaceae). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 37: 529-543. (in Korean)   DOI
14 Kim, M. Y. 2004. Korean Endemic Plants. Solkwahak, Seoul, 408 pp. (in Korean).
15 Kim, Y. Y. 2015c. A systematic study of the genus Cardamine L. (Brassicaceae) in Korea. Ph.D. didssertation, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 238 pp. (in Korean)
16 Kim, M. Y. 2017b. Korean Endemic Plants. Haejin Media Co. Ltd., Seoul, 654 pp. (in Korean).
17 Kim, T. J. 1998. Phylogenetic studies of tribe Linnaeae (Caprifoliaceae). Ph.D. dissertation, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 283 pp. (in Korean)
18 Kim, Y. I. 2015b. Systematic studies of Chrysosplenium L. series Pilosa Maxim. (Saxifragaceae). Ph.D. dissertation, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 120 pp. (in Korean)
19 Kim, Y.-I., S. H. Cho, B.-Y. Kim, J.-H. Lee, D.-H. Kang, S. Kim, R. V. Doudkin and Y.-D. Kim. 2015c. A new combination for Saxifraga octopetala (Saxifragaceae) and its phylogenetic relationship. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 45: 306-317.   DOI
20 Kim, Y.-I. and Y.-D. Kim. 2015c. Chrysosplenium aureobracteatum (Saxifragaceae), a new species from South Korea. Novon 23: 432-436.   DOI
21 Kim, Y.-Y., C. Jang, S.-J. Ji, S. H. Oh, N.-R. Na, H. Leem, T.-W. Kim, W.-R. Lee and Y. P. Lim. 2016b. Arabis erecta (Brassicaceae), a new species from Republic of Korea. Phytotaxa 268: 279-285.   DOI
22 Kim, Y. Y. and B. U. Oh. 2013. A taxonomic study of the genus Actinidia in Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 43: 285-295.   DOI
23 Ko, S. C., Y.-M. Lee, K.-S. Chung, D. C. Son, B. M. Nam and G. Y. Chung. 2014. A new species of Paraphlomis (Lamiaceae) from Korea: an additional genus to the Korean flora. Phytotaxa 175: 51-54.   DOI
24 Korea Forest Service (KFS). 2012. Creation and Furtherance of Arboretums Act. Appendix 1-4, Special Plant (Newly Inserted, Jul. 25, 2011).
25 Lee, B. Y., M. Kwak, J. E. Han, E.-H. Jung and G.-H. Nam. 2013a. Ganghwal is a new species, Angelica reflexa. Journal of Species Research 2: 245-248.   DOI
26 De Juana, J. I. 2009. Taxonomia actualizada del genero Ligustrum L. Bouteloua 6: 16-71. (in Spanish)
27 Chung, M. Y., J. M. Chung, J. Lopez-Pujol, S. J. Park and M. G. Chung. 2013. Genetic diversity in three species of Forsythia (Oleaceae) endemic to Korea: implications for population history, taxonomy, and conservation. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 47: 80-92.   DOI
28 Chung, Y. H. and J. H. Kim. 1990. A taxonomic study of Sedum section Telephium in Korea. Korean Journal of Botany 33: 1-24. (in Korean)
29 Clayton, W. D., K. T. Harman and H. Williamson. 2006. World Grass Species - Synonymy database. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
30 De Juana Clavero, J. I. 2016. Proposal to conserve the name Forsythia nakaii (Uyeki) T. Lee against Forsythia velutina Nakai (Oleaceae). Bouteloua 24: 67-69.
31 Fang, C., S. Zhao and A. K. Skvortsov. 1999. Salix Linnaeus. In Flora of China, Vol. 4. Wu, Z. Y. and P. H. Raven (eds.), Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO. Pp. 162-274.
32 Fang, R. and P. F. Stevens. 2005. Vaccinium Linnaeus. In Flora of China, Vol. 14. Apiaceae through Ericaceae. Wu, Z. Y., P. H. Raven and D. Y. Hong (eds.), Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO. Pp. 476-504.
33 Fuse, S., N. S. Lee and M. N. Tamura. 2004. Biosystematic studies on the genus Heloniopsis (Melanthiaceae) II. Two species from Korea based on morphological and molecular evidence. Taxon 53: 949-958.   DOI
34 Govaerts, R. 1995. World Checklist of Seed Plant 1. MIM, Deume, 483 pp.
35 Choi, I.-S., S.-Y. Kim and B.-H. Choi. 2015. A taxonomic revision of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae) in Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 45: 227-238   DOI
36 Lee, J., K.-H. Lee, S. So, C. Choi and M. Kim. 2013b. A new species of Daphne (Thymelaeaceae): D. jejudoensis M. Kim. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 43: 94-98.   DOI
37 Lee, C. S., K. Lee, S. H. Yeau and K.-S. Chung. 2015. Two new and one unrecorded natural hybrids between Asplenium ruprechtii and related taxa (Aspleniaceae). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 45: 362-368.   DOI
38 Lee, D.-H., J.-S. Park and B.-H. Choi. 2016. A taxonomic review of Korean Leontopodium R. Br. ex Cassini (Asteraceae). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 46: 149-162.   DOI
39 Lee, J., B.-Y. Lee and Y.-S. Kim. 2000. A taxonomic study of Korean taxa of the Rosaceae genus Sanguisorba. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 30: 269-285.   DOI
40 Lee, J., C. Choi, K. Han, S. So, Y. Hwang and M. Kim. 2012a. A new species of Viola (Violaceae): V. ulleungdoensis M. Kim & J. Lee. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 42: 202-206.   DOI
41 Lee, J.-H. 2012. Phylogeography of East Asian evergreen broad leaved trees and taxonomy on the Korean Quercus subgenus Cyclobalanopsis. Ph.D. dissertation, Inha University, Incheon, 148 pp.
42 Lee, K.-B., Y.-G. Yoo and K.-R. Park. 2003. Morphological relationships of Korean species of Sedum L. subgenus Aizoon (Crassulaceae). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 33: 1-15. (in Korean)   DOI
43 Lee, N. S. 2011. Illustrated Flora of Korean Orchids. Ewha Womans University Press, Seoul. Pp. 290-299. (in Korean)
44 Lee, S., Y. Chung and J. Lee. 1990. A new variety of Adenophora, A. remotiflora var. hirticalyx. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 20: 191-194. (in Korean)   DOI
45 Lee, S., K.-I. Heo and S.-C. Kim. 2012b. A new species of Pseudostellaria (Caryophyllaceae) from Korea. Novon 22: 25-31.   DOI
46 Govaerts, R. and W. Bopp. 2017. World Checklist of Betulaceae. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved Sep. 1, 2017, available from http://www.kew.org/wcsp/.
47 Lee, T. B. 1966. Bibliography of the Illustrated Woody Plants of Korea. Bulletin of Forest Experiment Station, Seoul, 330 pp. (in Korean)
48 Govaerts, R. 2004. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-54382. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
49 Govaerts, R. 2011. World checklist of selected plant families published update. Facilitated by the Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
50 Govaerts, R. and D. A. Simpson. 2007. World Checklist of Cyperaceae. Sedges. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 765 pp.
51 Green, P. S. 1995. Taxonomic notes relating to Ligustrum (Oleaceae). Kew Bulletin 50: 379-386.   DOI
52 Han, J.-W. and S.-H. Kang. 2012. Chrysospenium epigealum J.W. Han et S.H. Kang: a new species of Chrysosplenium (Saxifragaceae) from Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Resources 25: 346-348.   DOI
53 Han, S. H. 2016. A taxonomic study of the genus Astilbe (Astilbeceae) in Korea. M.S. thesis, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 88 pp. (in Korean)
54 Hart, H. T. and B. Bleij. 2003. Sedum. In Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants: Crassulaceae. Eggli, U. (ed.), Springer, Heidelberg. Pp. 235-332.
55 Hassler, M. 2017. World plants: synonymic checklists of the vascular plants of the world (version Nov 2016). In Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 30th January 2017. Retrieved Sep. 1, 2017, available from www.catalogueoflife.org/col.
56 Lee, Y. N. 2007. Elymus L. In The Genera of Vascular Plants of Korea. Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (eds.), Academic Publishing Co, Seoul. Pp. 1216-1217.
57 Lee, Y. N. 1982. New taxa of Korean flora (4). Korean Journal of Botany 25: 175-180. (in Korean)
58 Lee, Y. N. 1998. New taxa on Korean flora (6). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 28: 25-39.   DOI
59 Lee, Y. N. 2004. Veronica pusanensis Y. Lee, sp. nov. Bulletin of Korea Plant Research 4: 16-17.
60 Lee, Y. N. and K. A. Lee. 2000. Orostachys in Korea. Bulletin of Korea Plant Research 1: 31-47.
61 Lee, Y. N. and Y. C. Oh. 2006. A new genus and a new species of Cyperaceae. Bulletin of Korea Plant Research 6: 24-30.
62 Lee, W. T. 1996. Lineamenta Florae Koreae. Academy Press, Seoul, 624 pp. (in Korean)
63 Leenhouts, P. W. 1962. Florae Malesianae Precursores XXXIII. Loganiaceae. Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat a Bruxelles 32: 417-458.   DOI
64 Lim, H.-I., K. S. Chang, H. S, Lee, C.-S. Chang and H. Kim. 2009. A reappraisal of Sambucus pendula Nakai on Ulleung Island and its allies. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 39: 181-192.   DOI
65 Lee, T. B. 1984. Outline of Korean endemic plants and their distribution. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 14: 21-32.   DOI
66 Liu, B. and D. Hong. 2016. A taxonomic revision of Pourthiaea villosa complex (Rosaceae). Phytotaxa 244: 201-247.   DOI
67 Govaerts, R. 2003. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
68 Hatusima, S. 1967. Lespedeza: Sects. Macrolespedeza and Heterolespedeza from Japan, Corea and Formosa. Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University 6: 1-17.
69 Lim, J. and B.-Y. Sun. 2015. A new species of Huperzia (Lycopodiaceae) from Jeju Island, Korea: Huperzia jejuensis. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 45: 17-21.   DOI
70 Lin, Y. X. and R. Viane. 2013. Aspleniaceae. In Flora of China, Vol. 2-3 (Pteridophytes). Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven and D. Y. Hong (eds.), Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Lious, MO. Pp. 267-316
71 Williams, P. H., D. Lees, M. Arahjo, C. J. Humphries, R. I. Vane-Wright and I. J. Kitching. 2002. Biodiversity and Worldmap. Retrieved Sep. 1, 2017, available from http://www.nhm.ac.uk/science/projects/world-map/index.html.
72 Tamura, M. N., N. S. Lee, T. Katsuyama and S. Fuse. 2013. Biosystematic studies on the Family Tofieldiaceae. IV. Taxonomy of Tofieldia coccinea in Japan and Korea including a new variety. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 64: 29-40.
73 Tucker, A. O. and R. F. C. Naczi. 2007. Mentha: an overview of its classification and relationships. In Mint: The Genus Mentha. Lawrence, B. M. (ed.), CRC Press, Baca Raton, FL. Pp 1-39.
74 Tzvelev, N. N. and N. S. Probatova. 2012. The taxonomic revision of the genera Deschampsia, Agrostis, Calamagrostis (Poaceae: Poeae) and the system of grasses in the flora of Russia. Komarovskie Chteniya (Vladivostok) 59: 7-75. (in Russian)
75 Wilmot-Dear, C. M. and I. Friis. 2013. The old World species of Boehmeria (Urticaceae, tribus Boehmerieae): a taxonomic revision. Blumea 58: 85-216.
76 Wu, G. and S. E. Clemants. 2000. Luzula de Candolle in Lamarch & de Candolle. In Flora of China, Vol. 24. Flagellariaceae through Marantaceae. Z. Y. Wu and P. H. Raven (eds.), Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO. Pp. 64-69.
77 Xu, L. and C. Aedo. 2008. Geranium Linnaeus. In Flora of China, Vol. 11. Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven and D. Y. Hong (eds.), Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO. Pp. 7-30.
78 Yahara, T. 1983. A biosystematic study on the local populations of some species of the genus Boehmeria with special reference to apomixes. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo III. Botany 13: 217-261
79 Ma, Y. and S. Kim. 2014. Morphological diagnostic characters of Isodon (Lamiaceae) in Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 44: 261-275. (in Korean)   DOI
80 Liu, L., G. Zhu and N. N. Tzvelev. 2006. Puccinellia Parlatore. In Flora of China, Vol. 22. Poaceae. Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven and D. Y. Hong (eds.), Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO. Pp. 245-256.
81 McNeill J, F. R. Barrie, W. R. Buck, V. Demoulin, W. Greuter, D. L. Hawksworth, P. S. Herendeen, S. Knapp, K. Marhold, J. Prado, W. F. Prud'homme van Reine, G. F. Smith, J. H. Wiersema and N. J. Turland. 2012. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011. Regnum Vegetabile 154: 1-140.
82 Miller, C. F. and M. Y. Kim. 2002. Ilex ${\times}$ wandoensis C. F. Miller & M. Kim, a new hybrid species of Ilex (Aquifoliaceae) from Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 32: 293-299.   DOI
83 Murata, G. 1984. Taxonomical notes 15 (Continued from Vol. XXXII: 55). Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 35: 30-36. (in Japanese)
84 Na, H. R. and S. H. Oh. 2015. Trapa L. In Flora of Korea Vol. 5b. Rosidae: Elaeagnaceae to Sapindaceae. Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (eds.), The National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon. Pp. 22-24.
85 Iwatsuki, K., D. E. Boufford and H. Ohba. 2001. Flora of Japan Vol. IIb. Angiospermae Dicotyledoneae Archlamydeae (b). Kodansha, Tokyo, 321 pp.
86 Hong, D. Y., H. Yang, C. L. Jin, M. A. Fischer, N. H. Holmgren and R. R. Mill. 1998. Scrophulariaceae A. L. Jussieu. In Flora of China, Vol. 18. Wu, Z. Y. and P. H. Raven (eds.), Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO. Pp. 1-212.
87 Hong, M.-P., Y.-C. Kim, G.-H. Nam and B. Y. Lee. 2012. A new species of Zabelia (Linnaeaceae) from Korea. Journal of Species Research 1: 1-3.   DOI
88 Im, R. J. 1999. Cirsium. Adams. In Flora Coreana, Vol. 6. Im, R. J. (ed.), Science and Technology Publishing House, Pyongyang. Pp. 154-160.
89 Iwatsuki, K., D. E. Boufford and H. Ohba. 2006. Flora of Japan Vol. IIa. Angiospermae Dicotyledoneae Archlamydeae (a). Kodansha, Tokyo, 550 pp.
90 Jang, C. G. 1998. A systematic study of the genus Polygonatum (Liliaceae): with a special reference to Korean species. Ph.D. dissertation, Korea University, Seoul, 458 pp. (in Korean)
91 Jang, C. G., M. S. Park, B. M. Nam, H. H. Pak, J. A. Eom and G. Y. Chung. 2011. Distribution and morphological characteristics of Scopolia japonica Maxim. in Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 41: 271-279.   DOI
92 Nordenstam, B. and P. B. Pelser. 2011. Notes on the generic limits of Sinosenecio and Tephroseris (Compositae - Senecioneae). Compositae Newsletter 49: 1-7.
93 National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR). 2013. Endemic Species of Korea. Plantae. NIBR, Incheon, 912 pp. (in Korean)
94 Nakai, T. 1917. Notulae ad Plantas Japoniae et Koreae. XIV. Botanical Magazine 31: 97-112.   DOI
95 Nakai, T. 1952. A synoptical sketch of Korean flora. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Series B, Botany 31: 1-152.
96 Yamazaki, T. 2003. Intraspecific taxa in Primula farinosa L. subsp. modesta (Bisset and Moore) Pax. Journal of Japanese Botany 78: 295-299. (in Japanese)
97 Yakubov, V. V. 2014. The genera Pentactina and Geum (Rosaceae) in the Russian Far East. In V. L. Komarov Memorial Lectures: Issue 62. Kozhevnikov, A. E. (ed.), Dalnauka, Vladivostok. Pp. 229-240. (in Russian)
98 Yamazaki, T. 1954. Melampyrum of Eastern Asia. Journal of Japanese Botany 29: 1-9. (in Japanese)
99 Yamazaki, T. 1996. A revision of the genus Rhododendron in Japan, Taiwan, Korea and Sakhalin. Tsumura Laboratory, Tokyo, 179 pp.
100 Yang, J. Y., S.-C. Kim, S. J. Park and J.-H. Pak. 2016. Typification and validation of names in Korean Rubus (Rosaceae). Novon 25: 114-124.   DOI
101 Yang, J. Y., H.-S. Yoon and J.-H. Pak. 2012. Phylogeny of Korean Rubus (Rosaceae) based on the second intron of the LEAFY gene. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 92: 461-472.   DOI
102 Oh, B. U. 2008. A taxonomic review of Korean Asarum (Aristolochiaceae). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 38: 251-270. (in Korean)   DOI
103 Jang, H. D. 2016. A systematic study of the genus Scrophuria (Scrophulariaceae) in Northeast Asia. Ph.D. dissertation, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 252 pp. (in Korean)
104 Jeffrey, C. and Y.-L. Chen. 1984. Taxonomic studies on the tribe Sencioneae (Compositae) of eastern Asia. Kew Bulletin 39: 205-446.   DOI
105 Ji, S.-J., Y.-Y. Kim and B.-U. Oh. 2010. Taxonomic review of Impatiens furcillata Hemsl. (Balsaminaceae). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 40: 43-49. (in Korean)   DOI
106 Oh, B. U. 2007a. Arabis L. In The Genera of Vascular Plants of Korea. Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (eds.), Academic Publishing Co., Seoul. Pp. 431-434.
107 Oh, B. U. 2007b. Allium L. In The Genera of Vascular Plants of Korea. Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (eds.), Academic Publishing Co, Seoul. Pp. 1280-1285.
108 Oh, B.-U., C.-G. Jang and C.-Y. Yoon. 2004. Corydalis namdoensis B.U. Oh et J.G. Kim: a new species of Corydalis sect. Corydalis (Fumariaceae) from Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 34: 265-271.   DOI
109 Oh, B. U., D. G. Jo, K. S. Kim and C. G. Jang. 2005. Endemic Vascular Plants in Korean Peninsula (1st step result). Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, 205 pp. (in Korean)
110 Yang, S. K. 2016. Systematic study of the genus Corydalis (Fumariaceae) in Korea. Ph.D. dissertation, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 183 pp. (in Korean)
111 Yoo, K. O. 1995. Taxonomic studies on the Korean Campanulaceae. Ph.D. dissertation, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 278 pp. (in Korean)
112 Yoon, C. Y. 1994. A taxonomic study on the genus Angelica L. in Korea and the adjacent regions. Ph.D. dissertation, Korea University, Seoul, 199 pp. (in Korean)
113 Yun, K.-W. and M. Kim. 2009. Taxonomic study of Broussonetia (Moraceae) in Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 39: 80-85.   DOI
114 Zhu, G., H. Li and R. Li. 2007. A synopsis and a new species of the E Asian genus Pinellia (Araceae). Willdenowia 37: 503-522.   DOI
115 Ohba, H. 2003a. Orostachys. In Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants: Vol. V. Crassulaceae. Eggli, U. (ed.), Springer, Heidelberg. Pp.186-190.
116 Oh, S.-H. 2015. Sea, wind, or bird: origin of Fagus multinervis (Fagaceae) inferred from chloroplast DNA sequences. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 45: 213-220.   DOI
117 Oh, Y. C. 2007c. Carex L. In The Genera of Vascular Plants of Korea. Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (eds.), Academic Publishing Co., Seoul. Pp. 1139-1181.
118 Oh, Y. C. and J. S. Hur. 2002. Morphological study of Korean Eriocaulaceae. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 32: 109-141. (in Korean)   DOI
119 Ohba, H. 2003b. Rhodiola. In Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants: Crassulaceae. Eggli, U. (ed.), Springer, Heidelberg. Pp. 210-226.
120 Ohrnberger, D. 1999. The Bamboos of the World: Annotated Nomenclature and Literature of the Species and the Higher and Lower Taxa. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 596 pp.
121 Kholina A. B., M. M. Kozyrenko, E. V. Artyukova, D. V. Sandanov and E. A. Andrianova. 2016. Phylogenetic relationships of the species of Oxytropis DC. subg. Oxytropis and Phacoxytropis (Fabaceae) from Asian Russia inferred from the nucleotide sequence analysis of the intergenic spacers of the chloroplast genome. Russian Journal of Genetics 52: 780-793.   DOI
122 Jo, H. and M. Kim. 2016. A new variety of Hosta (Liliaceae): Hosta clausa var. geumgangensis M. Kim & H. Jo. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 46: 306-313.   DOI
123 Kang, U., J. Chung, S. S. Jung, G. Lee and J. Kim. 2012. Carex splendentissima (Cyperaceae), a new species from Korea. The Journal of Japanese Botany 87: 314-319.
124 Katsuki T. and H. Iketani. 2016. Nomenclature of Tokyo cherry (Cerasus ${\times}$ yedoensis 'Somei-yoshino', Rosaceae) and allied interspecific hybrids based on recent advances in population genetics. Taxon 65: 1415-1419.   DOI
125 Park, M. S. 2012. A systematic study of the genus Artemisia (Asteraceae) in Korea. Ph.D. dissertation, Andong National University, Andong, 310 pp.
126 Paik, W.-K., Y. Chung and W. Lee. 2001. Taxonomic studies of Korean Gentianaceae based on pollen morphology. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 31: 33-56. (in Korean)   DOI
127 Pak, J.-H., Y.-O. Kim and K. Choi. 2001. Taxonomic reconsideration of Lactuca hallaisanensis H. Lev. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 31: 311-319.   DOI
128 Park, K. R. 2015. Euphorbia L. In Flora of Korea. Vol. 5b. Rosidae: Elaeagnaceae to Sapindaceae. Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (eds.), National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon. Pp. 74-79.
129 Zhu, G., L. Liu, R. J. Soreng and M. V. Olonova. 2006. Poa Linnaeus. In Flora of China, Vol. 22. Poaceae. Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven and D. Y. Hong (eds.), Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO. Pp. 257-309.
130 Akiyama, S. 1988. A revision of the genus Lespedeza section Macrolespedeza (Leguminosae). Bulletin, University Museum, University of Tokyo 33: 1-170.
131 Zhu, S. and N. Kilian. 2011. Crepis coreana (Nakai) H. S. Pak. In Flora of China, Vol. 20?21. Asteraceae. Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven and D. Y. Hong (eds.), Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO. P. 248.
132 Kim, C. H., B. Y. Sun, S. J. Lee and C. W. Park. 2015a. Dryopteris Adans. In Flora of Korea. Vol. I. Pteridophytes & Gymnosperms. Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (eds.), The National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon. Pp. 130-145.
133 Kikuchi, R., P. Jae-Hong, H. Takahashi and M. Maki. 2010. Disjunct distribution of chloroplast DNA haplotypes in the understory perennial Veratrum album ssp. oxysepalum (Melanthiaceae) in Japan as a result of ancient introgression. New Phytologist 188: 879-891.   DOI
134 Kim, C. H., M. O. Moon and B. Y. Sun. 2015b. Phegopteris (C. Presl) Fee. In Flora of Korea. Vol. I. Pteridophytes & Gymnosperms. Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (eds.), The National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon. Pp. 105-107.
135 Kim, C. H. and B. Y. Sun. 2015. Woodsia R. Br. In Flora of Korea. Vol. I. Pteridophytes & Gymnosperms. Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (eds.), The National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon. Pp. 81-83.
136 Park, W. G. 2007. Salix L. In The Genera of Vascular Plants of Korea. Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (eds), Academy Publishing Co., Seoul. Pp. 410-422.
137 Park, S., H. Kim, H.-S. Lee and C.-S. Chang. 2005. Taxonomic reconsideration of the Philadelphus schrenkii complex. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 35: 247-272. (in Korean)   DOI
138 Park, S. K., H.-Y. Gil, H. Kim and C.-S. Chang. 2013a. A reconsideration of the list of national endemic plants (appendix 4-1) under the creation and furtherance of arboretums act proposed by Korea Forest Service. Journal of Korean Forest Society 102: 38-58. (in Korean)   DOI
139 Park, S.-K., H.-Y. Gil, H. Kim and C.-S. Chang. 2013b. Using morphometrics to unravel species relationships and delimitations in Sorbus pohuashanensis in the Korean peninsula. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 43: 300-311. (in Korean)   DOI
140 Pimenov, M. G., T. A. Ostroumova, G. V. Degtjareva and T. H. Samigullin. 2016. Sillaphyton, a new genus of the Umbelliferae, endemic to the Korean Peninsula. Botanica Pacifica 5: 31-41.
141 Paik, W. K. 1999. The status of endemic plants in Korea and our tasks in the 21st century. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 29: 263-274. (in Korean)   DOI
142 Boo, D. and S. J. Park. 2016. Molecular phylogenetic study of Korean Tilia L. Korean Journal of Plant Resources 29: 547-554. (in Korean)   DOI
143 Seok, D.-I. and B.-H. Choi. 1997. Taxonomic study on Vicia unijuga using principal components analysis. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 27: 359-368. (in Korean)   DOI
144 Shin, H., Kim, Y.-D. and S.-H. Oh. 2011. A new combination in Spiraea (Rosaceae) from Ulleung Island, Korea. Novon 21: 373-374.   DOI
145 Siljak-Yakovlev, S. and L. Peruzzi. 2012. Cytogenetic characterization of the endemics: past and future. Plant Biosystems 146: 694-702.
146 Afanasiev, K. S. and V. P. Botschantzev. 1961. Achillea L. In Flora of the USSR, Vol. 26. Schischkin, B. K. and E. G. Bobrov (eds.), The Botanical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R., Leningrad. Pp. 70-124.
147 Anderson, S. 1994. Area and endemism. The Quarterly Review of Biology 69: 451-471.   DOI
148 Kim, J. H. 1993. A taxonomic study of Euonymus L. in Korea. Ph.D. dissertation, Korea University, Seoul, 234 pp. (in Korean)
149 Kim, J. and M. Kim. 2015a. A new species of Fimbristylis (Cyperaceae): F. drizae J. Kim and M. Kim. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 45: 8-11.   DOI
150 Kim, J. and M. Kim. 2015b. A new species of Fimbristylis (Cyperaceae): F. jindoensis J. Kim and M. Kim. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 45: 318-322.   DOI
151 Kim, J. H. 2015a. Buxus L. In Flora of Korea. Vol. 5b. Rosidae: Elaeagnaceae to Sapindaceae. Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (eds.), The National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon. P. 67.
152 Tang, Y., M. G. Gilbert and L. J. Dorr. 2007. Tilia Linnaeus. In Flora of China, Vol. 12. Hippocastanaceae through Theaceae. Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven and D. Y. Hong (eds.), Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO. Pp. 240-248.
153 So, S., H. Jo and M. Kim. 2014. A new species of Potentilla (Rosaceae): P. gageodoensis M. Kim. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 44: 175-177.   DOI
154 So, S., Y. Hwang, C.-H. Lee and M. Kim. 2010. A new species of Asarum: A. yeonbyeonense M. Kim & S. So. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 40: 255-261.   DOI
155 Song, I. and S. Park. 2012. Taxonomic identity of Cardamine leucantha (Brassicaceae) in Korea. Feddes Repertorium 122: 391-408.
156 Tamura, M. 1953. Thalictra of Japan, Kuriles, Saghalin, and Corea. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 15: 80-88. (in Japanese)
157 Tamura, M. N. 2008. Biosystematic studies on the genus Polygonatum (Asparagaceae) V. Taxonomic revision of species in Japan. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 59: 15-29.
158 Rong, L., K. Lei and C. Wang. 2011. Collection and evaluation of the genus Lilium resources in Northeast China. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 58: 115-123.   DOI