Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Brain Metastasis : The Role of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery |
Lee, Min Ho
(Department of Neurosurgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea)
Cho, Kyung-Rae (Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) Choi, Jung Won (Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) Kong, Doo-Sik (Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) Seol, Ho Jun (Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) Nam, Do-Hyun (Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) Jung, Hyun Ae (Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) Sun, Jong-Mu (Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) Lee, Se-Hoon (Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) Ahn, Jin Seok (Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) Ahn, Myung-Ju (Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) Park, Keunchil (Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) Lee, Jung-Il (Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) |
1 | Chung HC, Ros W, Delord JP, Perets R, Italiano A, Shapira-Frommer R, et al. : Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in previously treated advanced cervical cancer: results from the phase II KEYNOTE-158 study. J Clin Oncol 37 : 1470-1478, 2019 DOI |
2 | Colaco RJ, Martin P, Kluger HM, Yu JB, Chiang VL : Does immunotherapy increase the rate of radiation necrosis after radiosurgical treatment of brain metastases? J Neurosurg 125 : 17-23, 2016 DOI |
3 | Deng L, Liang H, Burnette B, Beckett M, Darga T, Weichselbaum RR, et al. : Irradiation and anti-PD-L1 treatment synergistically promote antitumor immunity in mice. J Clin Invest 124 : 687-695, 2014 DOI |
4 | Weichselbaum RR, Liang H, Deng L, Fu YX : Radiotherapy and immunotherapy: a beneficial liaison? Nat Rev Clin Oncol 14 : 365-379, 2017 DOI |
5 | Gettinger S, Horn L, Jackman D, Spigel D, Antonia S, Hellmann M, et al. : Five-year follow-up of Nivolumab in previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: results from the CA209-003 study. J Clin Oncol 36 : 1675-1684, 2018 DOI |
6 | Diao K, Bian SX, Routman DM, Yu C, Kim PE, Wagle NA, et al. : Combination ipilimumab and radiosurgery for brain metastases: tumor, edema, and adverse radiation effects. J Neurosurg 129 : 1397-1406, 2018 DOI |
7 | Dovedi SJ, Adlard AL, Lipowska-Bhalla G, McKenna C, Jones S, Cheadle EJ, et al. : Acquired resistance to fractionated radiotherapy can be overcome by concurrent PD-L1 blockade. Cancer Res 74 : 5458-5468, 2014 DOI |
8 | Gadgeel SM, Stevenson JP, Langer CJ, Gandhi L, Borghaei H, Patnaik A, et al. : Pembrolizumab and platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line therapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: phase 1 cohorts from the KEYNOTE-021 study. Lung Cancer 125 : 273-281, 2018 DOI |
9 | Garon EB, Rizvi NA, Hui R, Leighl N, Balmanoukian AS, Eder JP, et al. : Pembrolizumab for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med 372 : 2018-2028, 2015 DOI |
10 | Gavrilovic IT, Posner JB : Brain metastases: epidemiology and pathophysiology. J Neurooncol 75 : 5-14, 2005 DOI |
11 | Gleissner B, Chamberlain MC : Neoplastic meningitis. Lancet Neurol 5 : 443-452, 2006 DOI |
12 | Goldberg SB, Gettinger SN, Mahajan A, Chiang AC, Herbst RS, Sznol M, et al. : Pembrolizumab for patients with melanoma or non-small-cell lung cancer and untreated brain metastases: early analysis of a non-randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 17 : 976-983, 2016 DOI |
13 | Goldberg SB, Gettinger SN, Mahajan A, Herbst RS, Chiang AC, Lilenbaum R : Durability of brain metastasis response and overall survival in patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) treated with pembrolizumab. J Clin Oncol 36 : 2009, 2018 DOI |
14 | Karampeazis A, Voutsina A, Souglakos J, Kentepozidis N, Giassas S, Christofillakis C, et al. : Pemetrexed versus erlotinib in pretreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a Hellenic Oncology Research Group (HORG) randomized phase 3 study. Cancer 119 : 2754-2764, 2013 DOI |
15 | Harris S, Chan MD, Lovato JF, Ellis TL, Tatter SB, Bourland JD, et al. : Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery as salvage therapy after failure of whole-brain radiotherapy in patients with small-cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 83 : e53-e59, 2012 DOI |
16 | Herbst RS, Baas P, Kim DW, Felip E, Perez-Gracia JL, Han JY, et al. : Pembrolizumab versus docetaxel for previously treated, PD-L1-positive, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (KEYNOTE-010): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 387 : 1540-1550, 2016 DOI |
17 | Hodge JW, Guha C, Neefjes J, Gulley JL : Synergizing radiation therapy and immunotherapy for curing incurable cancers. Opportunities and challenges. Oncology (Williston Park) 22 : 1064-1084, 2008 |
18 | Johnson AG, Ruiz J, Hughes R, Page BR, Isom S, Lucas JT, et al. : Impact of systemic targeted agents on the clinical outcomes of patients with brain metastases. Oncotarget 6 : 18945-18955, 2015 DOI |
19 | Kanai O, Fujita K, Okamura M, Nakatani K, Mio T : Severe exacerbation or manifestation of primary disease related to Nivolumab in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with poor performance status or brain metastases. Ann Oncol 27 : 1354-1356, 2016 DOI |
20 | Kiess AP, Wolchok JD, Barker CA, Postow MA, Tabar V, Huse JT, et al. : Stereotactic radiosurgery for melanoma brain metastases in patients receiving ipilimumab: safety profile and efficacy of combined treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 92 : 368-375, 2015 DOI |
21 | Grossman SA, Krabak MJ : Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Cancer Treat Rev 25 : 103-119, 1999 DOI |
22 | Lee MH, Kong DS, Seol HJ, Nam DH, Lee JI : The influence of biomarker mutations and systemic treatment on cerebral metastases from NSCLC treated with radiosurgery. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 60 : 21-29, 2017 DOI |
23 | Knisely JP, Yu JB, Flanigan J, Sznol M, Kluger HM, Chiang VL : Radiosurgery for melanoma brain metastases in the ipilimumab era and the possibility of longer survival. J Neurosurg 117 : 227-233, 2012 DOI |
24 | Langer CJ, Gadgeel SM, Borghaei H, Papadimitrakopoulou VA, Patnaik A, Powell SF, et al. : Carboplatin and pemetrexed with or without pembrolizumab for advanced, non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomised, phase 2 cohort of the open-label KEYNOTE-021 study. Lancet Oncol 17 : 1497-1508, 2016 DOI |
25 | Lee HY, Ahn HK, Jeong JY, Kwon MJ, Han JH, Sun JM, et al. : Favorable clinical outcomes of pemetrexed treatment in anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive non-small-cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 79 : 40-45, 2013 DOI |
26 | Lehrer EJ, Peterson J, Brown PD, Sheehan JP, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Zaorsky NG, et al. : Treatment of brain metastases with stereotactic radiosurgery and immune checkpoint inhibitors: an international metaanalysis of individual patient data. Radiother Oncol 130 : 104-112, 2019 DOI |
27 | Lockman PR, Mittapalli RK, Taskar KS, Rudraraju V, Gril B, Bohn KA, et al. : Heterogeneous blood-tumor barrier permeability determines drug efficacy in experimental brain metastases of breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 16 : 5664-5678, 2010 DOI |
28 | Lu VM, Goyal A, Rovin RA, Lee A, McDonald KL : Concurrent versus non-concurrent immune checkpoint inhibition with stereotactic radio-surgery for metastatic brain disease: a systematic review and metaanalysis. J Neurooncol 141 : 1-12, 2019 DOI |
29 | Berghoff AS, Fuchs E, Ricken G, Mlecnik B, Bindea G, Spanberger T, et al. : Density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes correlates with extent of brain edema and overall survival time in patients with brain metastases. Oncoimmunology 5 : e1057388, 2016 DOI |
30 | Magnuson WJ, Lester-Coll NH, Wu AJ, Yang TJ, Lockney NA, Gerber NK, et al. : Management of brain metastases in tyrosine kinase inhibitornaive epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective multi-institutional analysis. J Clin Oncol 35 : 1070-1077, 2017 DOI |
31 | Bidoli P, Chiari R, Catino A, Grossi F, Noberasco C, Gelsomino F, et al. : Efficacy and safety data from patients with advanced squamous NSCLC and brain metastases participating in the nivolumab Expanded Access Programme (EAP) in Italy. Ann Oncol 27(suppl 6) : 1228P, 2016 |
32 | Borghaei H, Langer CJ, Gadgeel S, Papadimitrakopoulou VA, Patnaik A, Powell SF, et al. : 24-month overall survival from KEYNOTE-021 cohort G: pemetrexed and carboplatin with or without pembrolizumab as first-line therapy for advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 14 : 124-129, 2019 DOI |
33 | Patel KR, Shoukat S, Oliver DE, Chowdhary M, Rizzo M, Lawson DH, et al. : Ipilimumab and stereotactic radiosurgery versus stereotactic radio-surgery alone for newly diagnosed melanoma brain metastases. Am J Clin Oncol 40 : 444-450, 2017 DOI |
34 | Mathew M, Tam M, Ott PA, Pavlick AC, Rush SC, Donahue BR, et al. : Ipilimumab in melanoma with limited brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. Melanoma Res 23 : 191-195, 2013 DOI |
35 | Murphy B, Walker J, Bassale S, Monaco D, Jaboin J, Ciporen J, et al. : Concurrent radiosurgery and immune checkpoint inhibition. Am J Clin Oncol 42 : 253-257, 2019 DOI |
36 | Pardoll DM : The blockade of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Cancer 12 : 252-264, 2012 DOI |
37 | Qian JM, Yu JB, Kluger HM, Chiang VL : Timing and type of immune checkpoint therapy affect the early radiographic response of melanoma brain metastases to stereotactic radiosurgery. Cancer 122 : 3051-3058, 2016 DOI |
38 | Remon J, Le Rhun E, Besse B : Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients: a continuing challenge in the personalized treatment era. Cancer Treat Rev 53 : 128-137, 2017 DOI |
39 | Brahmer J, Reckamp KL, Baas P, Crino L, Eberhardt WE, Poddubskaya E, et al. : Nivolumab versus docetaxel in advanced squamous-cell nonsmall-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med 373 : 123-135, 2015 DOI |
40 | Borghaei H, Paz-Ares L, Horn L, Spigel DR, Steins M, Ready NE, et al. : Nivolumab versus Docetaxel in advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med 373 : 1627-1639, 2015 DOI |
41 | Cho KR, Lee MH, Kong DS, Seol HJ, Nam DH, Sun JM, et al. : Outcome of gamma knife radiosurgery for metastatic brain tumors derived from non-small cell lung cancer. J Neurooncol 125 : 331-338, 2015 DOI |
42 | Rittmeyer A, Barlesi F, Waterkamp D, Park K, Ciardiello F, von Pawel J, et al. : Atezolizumab versus docetaxel in patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (OAK): a phase 3, open-label, multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 389 : 255-265, 2017 DOI |
43 | Schapira E, Hubbeling H, Yeap BY, Mehan WA Jr, Shaw AT, Oh K, et al. : Improved overall survival and locoregional disease control with concurrent PD-1 pathway inhibitors and stereotactic radiosurgery for lung cancer patients with brain metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 101 : 624-629, 2018 DOI |
44 | Brahmer JR, Rodriguez-Abreu D, Robinson AG, Hui R, Csoszi T, Fulop A, et al. : Health-related quality-of-life results for pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy in advanced, PD-L1-positive NSCLC (KEYNOTE-024): a multicentre, international, randomised, open-label phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 18 : 1600-1609, 2017 DOI |
45 | Chamberlain MC : Leptomeningeal metastasis. Curr Opin Oncol 22 : 627-635, 2010 DOI |
46 | Chen L, Douglass J, Kleinberg L, Ye X, Marciscano AE, Forde PM, et al. : Concurrent immune checkpoint inhibitors and stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 100 : 916-925, 2018 DOI |
47 | Choi YL, Sun JM, Cho J, Rampal S, Han J, Parasuraman B, et al. : EGFR mutation testing in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a comprehensive evaluation of real-world practice in an East Asian tertiary hospital. PLoS One 8 : e56011, 2013 DOI |
48 | Sorensen JB, Hansen HH, Hansen M, Dombernowsky P : Brain metastases in adenocarcinoma of the lung: frequency, risk groups, and prognosis. J Clin Oncol 6 : 1474-1480, 1988 DOI |
49 | Shepard MJ, Xu Z, Donahue J, Eluvathingal Muttikkal TJ, Cordeiro D, Hansen L, et al. : Stereotactic radiosurgery with and without checkpoint inhibition for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer to the brain: a matched cohort study. J Neurosurg 133 : 611-946, 2020 DOI |
50 | Silk AW, Bassetti MF, West BT, Tsien CI, Lao CD : Ipilimumab and radiation therapy for melanoma brain metastases. Cancer Med 2 : 899-906, 2013 DOI |
51 | Sperduto PW, Wang M, Robins HI, Schell MC, Werner-Wasik M, Komaki R, et al. : A phase 3 trial of whole brain radiation therapy and stereotactic radiosurgery alone versus WBRT and SRS with temozolomide or erlotinib for non-small cell lung cancer and 1 to 3 brain metastases: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0320. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 85 : 1312-1318, 2013 DOI |