The Effect of GCSB-5 a New Herbal Medicine on Changes in Pain Behavior and Neuroglial Activation in a Rat Model of Lumbar Disc Herniation |
Cho, Hee Kyung
(Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu)
Kim, So-Yeon (Medical Devices Clinical Trial Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) Choi, Mi Jung (Medical Devices Clinical Trial Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) Baek, Seung Ok (Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) Kwak, Sang Gyu (Department of Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu) Ahn, Sang Ho (Medical Devices Clinical Trial Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) |
1 | Ge WH, Guo JY, Shen YJ, Chen ML, Shi SL, Han YH, et al. : [Effects of volatie oil of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq herb and Saposhnikovia divaricata Schischke root on proinflammatory cytokine expression and regulation]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 32 : 1777-1179, 2007 |
2 | Hatashita S, Sekiguchi M, Kobayashi H, Konno S, Kikuchi S : Contralateral neuropathic pain and neuropathology in dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord following hemilateral nerve injury in rats. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 33 : 1344-1351, 2008 DOI |
3 | Hong ND, Rho YS, Kim JW, Won DH, Kim NJ, Cho BS : Studies on the general pharmacological activities of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver. Korean J Pharmacogn 19 : 102-110, 1988 |
4 | Hua XY, Chen P, Fox A, Myers RR : Involvement of cytokines in lipopolysaccharide-induced facilitation of CGRP release from capsaicin-sensitive nerves in the trachea : studies with interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J Neurosci 16 : 4742-4748, 1996 DOI |
5 | Ida Y, Satoh Y, Katsumata M, Nagasao M, Hirai Y, Kajimoto T, et al. : Two novel oleanolic acid saponins having a sialyl Lewis X mimetic structure from Achyranthes fauriei root. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 8 : 2555-2558, 1998 DOI |
6 | Igarashi T, Kikuchi S, Shubayev V, Myers RR : 2000 Volvo Award winner in basic science studies : exogenous tumor necrosis factor-alpha mimics nucleus pulposus-induced neuropathology. Molecular, histologic, and behavioral comparisons in rats. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 25 : 2975-2980, 2000 DOI |
7 | Ito T, Ohtori S, Inoue G, Koshi T, Doya H, Ozawa T, et al. : Glial phosphorylated p38 MAP kinase mediates pain in a rat model of lumbar disc herniation and induces motor dysfunction in a rat model of lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 32 : 159-167, 2007 DOI |
8 | Kallakuri S, Takebayashi T, Ozaktay AC, Chen C, Yang S, Wooley PH, et al. : The effects of epidural application of allografted nucleus pulposus in rats on cytokine expression, limb withdrawal and nerve root discharge. Eur Spine J 14 : 956-964, 2005 DOI |
9 | Kang JD, Stefanovic-Racic M, McIntyre LA, Georgescu HI, Evans CH : Toward a biochemical understanding of human intervertebral disc degeneration and herniation. Contributions of nitric oxide, interleukins, prostaglandin E2, and matrix metalloproteinases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 22 : 1065-1073, 1997 DOI |
10 | Kang JD, Georgescu HI, McIntyre-Larkin L, Stefanovic-Racic M, Donaldson WF 3rd, Evans CH : Herniated lumbar intervertebral discs spontaneously produce matrix metalloproteinases, nitric oxide, interleukin-6, and prostaglandin E2. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 21 : 271-277, 1996 DOI |
11 | Kawakami M, Tamaki T, Hashizume H, Weinstein JN, Meller ST : The role of phospholipase A2 and nitric oxide in pain-related behavior produced by an allograft of intervertebral disc material to the sciatic nerve of the rat. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 22 : 1074-1079, 1997 DOI |
12 | Kim HW, Kwon YB, Ham TW, Roh DH, Yoon SY, Han HJ, et al. : The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of ethylacetate extracts from Bang-Poong (Radix ledebouriellae) on the Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. J Vet Sci 3 : 343-349, 2002 |
13 | Kayama S, Konno S, Olmarker K, Yabuki S, Kikuchi S : Incision of the anulus fibrosus induces nerve root morphologic, vascular, and functional changes. An experimental study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 21 : 2539-2543, 1996 DOI |
14 | Kim BH, Park KS, Chang IM : Elucidation of anti-inflammatory potencies of Eucommia ulmoides bark and Plantago asiatica seeds. J Med Food 12 : 764-769, 2009 DOI |
15 | Kim DS, Figueroa KW, Li KW, Boroujerdi A, Yolo T, Luo ZD : Profiling of dynamically changed gene expression in dorsal root ganglia post peripheral nerve injury and a critical role of injury-induced glial fibrillary acidic protein in maintenance of pain behaviors [corrected]. Pain 143 : 114-122, 2009 DOI |
16 | Norimoto M, Sakuma Y, Suzuki M, Orita S, Yamauchi K, Inoue G, et al. : Up-regulation of pain behavior and glial activity in the spinal cord after compression and application of nucleus pulposus onto the sciatic nerve in rats. Asian Spine J 8 : 549-556, 2014 DOI |
17 | Kim JK, Park SW, Kang JW, Kim YJ, Lee SY, Shin J, et al. : Effect of GCSB-5, a herbal formulation, on monosodium iodoacetate-induced ssteoarthritis in rats. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2012 : 730907, 2012 |
18 | Kim SJ, Kim WR, Kim HS, Park HW, Cho YW, Jang SH, et al. : Abnormal spontaneous activities on needle electromyography and their relation with pain behavior and nerve fiber pathology in a rat model of lumbar disc herniation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 36 : E1562-E1567, 2011 DOI |
19 | Lappin SC, Randall AD, Gunthorpe MJ, Morisset V : TRPV1 antagonist, SB-366791, inhibits glutamatergic synaptic transmission in rat spinal dorsal horn following peripheral inflammation. Eur J Pharmacol 540 : 73-81, 2006 DOI |
20 | Marchand F, Perretti M, McMahon SB : Role of the immune system in chronic pain. Nat Rev Neurosci 6 : 521-532, 2005 |
21 | Ohtori S, Takahashi K, Aoki Y, Doya H, Ozawa T, Saito T, et al. : Spinal neural cyclooxygenase-2 mediates pain caused in a rat model of lumbar disk herniation. J Pain 5 : 385-391, 2004 DOI |
22 | Ohtori S, Takahashi K, Moriya H, Myers RR : TNF-alpha and TNF-alpha receptor type 1 upregulation in glia and neurons after peripheral nerve injury : studies in murine DRG and spinal cord. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 29 : 1082-1088, 2004 DOI |
23 | Olmarker K, Brisby H, Yabuki S, Nordborg C, Rydevik B : The effects of normal, frozen, and hyaluronidase-digested nucleus pulposus on nerve root structure and function. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 22 : 471-475; discussion 476, 1997 DOI |
24 | Olmarker K, Larsson K : Tumor necrosis factor alpha and nucleus-pulposus-induced nerve root injury. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 23 : 2538-2544, 1998 DOI |
25 | Spicarova D, Palecek J : The role of the TRPV1 endogenous agonist N-Oleoyldopamine in modulation of nociceptive signaling at the spinal cord level. J Neurophysiol 102 : 234-243, 2009 DOI |
26 | Olmarker K, Rydevik B, Nordborg C : Autologous nucleus pulposus induces neurophysiologic and histologic changes in porcine cauda equina nerve roots. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 18 : 1425-1432, 1993 DOI |
27 | Park HW, Ahn SH, Kim SJ, Seo JM, Cho YW, Jang SH, et al. : Changes in spinal cord expression of fractalkine and its receptor in a rat model of disc herniation by autologous nucleus pulposus. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 36 : E753-E760, 2011 DOI |
28 | Patwardhan AM, Scotland PE, Akopian AN, Hargreaves KM : Activation of TRPV1 in the spinal cord by oxidized linoleic acid metabolites contributes to inflammatory hyperalgesia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106 : 18820-18824, 2009 DOI |
29 | Rand N, Reichert F, Floman Y, Rotshenker S : Murine nucleus pulposus-derived cells secrete interleukins-1-beta, -6, and -10 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in cell culture. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 22 : 2598-2601; discussion 2602, 1997 DOI |
30 | Sekiguchi M, Otoshi K, Kikuchi S, Konno S : Analgesic effects of prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype EP1 receptor antagonist : experimental study of application of nucleus pulposus. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 36 : 1829-1834, 2011 DOI |
31 | Takahashi H, Suguro T, Okazima Y, Motegi M, Okada Y, Kakiuchi T : Inflammatory cytokines in the herniated disc of the lumbar spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 21 : 218-224, 1996 DOI |
32 | Takeda M, Tanimoto T, Kadoi J, Nasu M, Takahashi M, Kitagawa J, et al. : Enhanced excitability of nociceptive trigeminal ganglion neurons by satellite glial cytokine following peripheral inflammation. Pain 129 : 155-166, 2007 DOI |
33 | Tsuda M, Inoue K, Salter MW : Neuropathic pain and spinal microglia : a big problem from molecules in "small" glia. Trends Neurosci 28 : 101-107, 2005 DOI |
34 | Brisby H, Byrod G, Olmarker K, Miller VM, Aoki Y, Rydevik B : Nitric oxide as a mediator of nucleus pulposus-induced effects on spinal nerve roots. J Orthop Res 18 : 815-820, 2000 DOI |
35 | Ahn SH, Cho YW, Ahn MW, Jang SH, Sohn YK, Kim HS : mRNA expression of cytokines and chemokines in herniated lumbar intervertebral discs. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 27 : 911-917, 2002 DOI |
36 | Anzai H, Hamba M, Onda A, Konno S, Kikuchi S : Epidural application of nucleus pulposus enhances nociresponses of rat dorsal horn neurons. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 27 : E50-E55, 2002 DOI |
37 | Aoki Y, Rydevik B, Kikuchi S, Olmarker K : Local application of disc-related cytokines on spinal nerve roots. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 27 : 1614-1617, 2002 DOI |
38 | Burke JG, Watson RW, McCormack D, Dowling FE, Walsh MG, Fitzpatrick JM : Spontaneous production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8 by the human lumbar intervertebral disc. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 27 : 1402-1407, 2002 DOI |
39 | Chen Y, Willcockson HH, Valtschanoff JG : Influence of the vanilloid receptor TRPV1 on the activation of spinal cord glia in mouse models of pain. Exp Neurol 220 : 383-390, 2009 DOI |
40 | Chung HJ, Lee HS, Shin JS, Lee SH, Park BM, Youn YS, et al. : Modulation of acute and chronic inflammatory processes by a traditional medicine preparation GCSB-5 both in vitro and in vivo animal models. J Ethnopharmacol 130 : 450-459, 2010 DOI |
41 | Watkins LR, Maier SF : Glia : a novel drug discovery target for clinical pain. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2 : 973-985, 2003 DOI |
42 | Vane J, Botting R : Inflammation and the mechanism of action of anti-inflammatory drugs. FASEB J 1 : 89-96, 1987 DOI |
43 | Wang CC, Chen LG, Yang LL : Inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor of the Chinese herb I. Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. Cancer Lett 145 : 151-157, 1999 DOI |
44 | Watkins LR, Maier SF : Beyond neurons : evidence that immune and glial cells contribute to pathological pain states. Physiol Rev 82 : 981-1011, 2002 DOI |
45 | Watkins LR, Martin D, Ulrich P, Tracey KJ, Maier SF : Evidence for the involvement of spinal cord glia in subcutaneous formalin induced hyperalgesia in the rat. Pain 71 : 225-235, 1997 DOI |
46 | Yabuki S, Kikuchi S, Olmarker K, Myers RR : Acute effects of nucleus pulposus on blood flow and endoneurial fluid pressure in rat dorsal root ganglia. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 23 : 2517-2523, 1998 DOI |
47 | Zhu J, Gao X, Xie WL, Jin YZ, Sun WJ : [Effect of geniposide on serum IL-1beta and TNF-alpha of rheumatoid arthritis rats]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 30 : 708-711, 2005 |
48 | Ding M, Hart RP, Jonakait GM : Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces substance P in sympathetic ganglia through sequential induction of interleukin-1 and leukemia inhibitory factor. J Neurobiol 28 : 445-454, 1995 DOI |
49 | Cuellar JM, Montesano PX, Carstens E : Role of TNF-alpha in sensitization of nociceptive dorsal horn neurons induced by application of nucleus pulposus to L5 dorsal root ganglion in rats. Pain 110 : 578-587, 2004 DOI |