Does Serum Osmolarity Change as a Result of the Reflex Neuroprotective Mechanism of Cerebral Osmo-Regulation after Minor Head Trauma?

Objective : It is well known that changes in cerebral hemodynamics occur after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Osmo-regulation in the brain is important for maintaining a constant milieu in the central nervous system. Nevertheless, to our knowledge, early osmolarity changes after minor head injury have not been studied until now. Methods : In this study, serum osmolarity was measured in 99 patients with minor head trauma. As a control group, blood samples were drawn from 99 patients who had a minor trauma in an extremity. Serum osmolarity was estimated using a fully automatic biochemical autoanalyzer within the first 3 hours after the trauma. Results : The mean serum osmolarity levels were $286.08{\pm}10.1\;mOsm/L$ in the study group and $290.94{\pm}5.65\;mOsm/L$ in the control group (p<0.001). However, after age adjustment between the study and control groups, this statistical significance was found to be valid only for patients over 30 years of age. Conclusion : It was noted that serum osmolarity levels decrease in the first 3 hours following minor head trauma in patients over 30 years of age. Further studies into this area could provide guidance for the management/treatment of elderly patients.