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Two-Pore Domain $K^+$ Channels Expressed in Mammalian Reproductive Cells and Organs  

Lee, Hyo-Zhin (Departments of Physiology, Biomedical Center (BK21), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine)
Han, Jae-Hee (Departments of Physiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine)
Kang, Da-Won (Departments of Physiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine)
Publication Information
Journal of Embryo Transfer / v.24, no.3, 2009 , pp. 189-197 More about this Journal
Abstract
Two-pore domain $K^+(K_{2P})$ channels contribute to setting the resting membrane potential in excitable and nonexcitable cells. However, the cellular or tissue distribution and function of $K_{2P}$ channels expressed in mammalian germ cells and reproductive organs have not yet been reviewed by researchers. In this review, we focus on expression, localization and expected properties of $K_{2P}$ channels in germ cells and reproductive organs. The $K_{2P}$ channels are expressed in human cytotrophoblast cells, myometrium, placental vascular system, uterine smooth muscle, and pregnant term tissue, suggesting that $K_{2P}$ channels might be involved in the processes of pregnance. The $K_{2P}$ channels are also expressed in mouse zygotes, monkey sperm, ovary, testis, germ cells, and embryos of Korean cattle. Interestingly, $K_{2P}$ channels are modulated by changes in temperature and oxygen concentration which play an important role in embryonic development. Also, $K_{2P}$ channels are responsible for $K^+$ efflux during apoptotic volume decreases in mouse zygotes. These expression patterns and properties of the $K_{2P}$ channels in reproductive organs and germ cells are likely to help the understanding of ion channel-related function in reproductive physiology.
Keywords
two-pore domain $K^+$ channel; germ cell; reproductive organ; ion channel;
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