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http://dx.doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2022.55.8.577

Evaluation of significant pollutant sources affecting water quality of the Geum River using principal component analysis  

Legesse, Natnael Shiferaw (Department of Environmental & IT Engineering, Chungnam National University)
Kim, Jaeyoung (Department of Environmental & IT Engineering, Chungnam National University)
Seo, Dongil (Department of Environmental & IT Engineering, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korea Water Resources Association / v.55, no.8, 2022 , pp. 577-588 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study aims to identify the limiting nutrient for algal growth in the Geum River and the significant pollutant sources from the tributaries affecting the water quality and to provide a management alternative for an improvement of water quality. An eight-year of daily data (2013~2020) were collected from the Water Environment Information System (water.nier.go.kr) and Water Resources Management Information System (wamis.go.kr). 14 water quality variables were analyzed at five water quality monitoring stations in the Geum River (WQ1-WQ5). In the Geum River, the water quality variables, especially Chl-a vary greatly in downstream of the river. In the open weir gate operation, TP (total phosphorus) and water temperature greatly influence the growth of algae in downstream of the river. A correlation analysis was used to identify the relationship between variables and investigate the factor affecting algal growth in the Geum River. At the downstream station (WQ5), TP and Temp have shown a strong correlation with Chl-a, indicating they significantly influence the algal bloom. The principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to identify and prioritize the major pollutant sources of the two major tributaries of the river, Gab-cheon and Miho-cheon. PCA identifies three major pollutant sources for Gab-cheon and Miho-cheon, respectively. For Gab-cheon, wastewater treatment plant, urban, and agricultural pollutions pollution are identified as significant pollutant sources. For Miho-cheon, agricultural, urban, and forest land are identified as major pollutant sources. PCA seems to be effective in identifying water pollutant sources for the Geum River and its tributaries in detail and thus can be used to develop water quality management strategies.
Keywords
PCA; Correlation; Algal bloom; Total phosphorus; The Geum River; Chl-a;
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