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http://dx.doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2009.42.11.911

Estimation of Crop Virtual Water in Korea  

Yoo, Seung-Hwan (Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul Nat'l Univ.)
Choi, Jin-Yong (Dept. of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engrg. & Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul Nat'l Univ.)
Kim, Tae-Gon (Dept. of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engrg., Seoul Nat'l Univ.)
Im, Jeong-Bin (Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Seoul Nat'l Univ.)
Chun, Chang-Hoo (Dept. of Plant Science, Seoul Nat'l Univ.)
Publication Information
Journal of Korea Water Resources Association / v.42, no.11, 2009 , pp. 911-920 More about this Journal
Abstract
Virtual water is defined as the volume of water required to produce a commodity or service. The degree of food self-sufficiency is currently about 27 % in South Korea, so that Korea is one of the largest net virtual water import countries for agricultural product, thus it is necessary to estimate suitable virtual water for South Korea. The objective of this paper is to quantify the agricultural virtual water use (AWU) and virtual water content (VWC) using the method suggested by Chapagain and Hoekstra during the period 1991-2007. To calculate the virtual water content, 44 different crop production quantity and harvested area data were collected for 17 years and FAO Penman-Monteith equation was adapted for computing crop consumptive use of water. As the results, AWU has been estimated at 15.1 billion $m^3$ in average showing a tendency to decrease. Rice has the largest share in the AWU, consuming about 10.1 billion $m^3$/yr which is about 75 % of gross AWU, and the VWC is 1600.1 $m^3$/ton for paddy rice. The largest VWCs of crops are oilseed and tuber crop, and the smallest are leaf and root vegetables. The primary crop production VWC can be used for calculating the VWC of various secondary products using the contribution ratio, therefore the results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for national agricultural water footprint.
Keywords
Agricultural virtual water; water footprint; consumptive use of water;
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