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The Various Factors which Should Be Considered in Classifying Toxic Substances in Water and Deriving Their Effluent Limits: Focusing on the Reduction of Risk  

Bae, Hyokwan (Division of Energy and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Chung, Yun-Chul (Division of Research Combination, Korea Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Yang, Hyungjae (Division of Environmental Total Pollution Load Management, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Kim, Jaehoon (Division of Environmental Total Pollution Load Management, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Lee, Hyun Dong (Advanced Environment Technology Research Division, Korea Institute of Construction Technology (KICT))
Jung, Jin-Young (Division of Energy and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment / v.23, no.5, 2007 , pp. 766-775 More about this Journal
Abstract
The use of toxic chemicals was extended as the industry in Korea has grown dramatically during the last three decades. However, list of toxic substances and limit concentrations in the water environment are not consistent within management of ambient water, drinking water and industrial effluent. This article suggests the systematic framework to classify toxic substances in the water environment and deriving their effluent limits. The most important factor for decision-making to classify toxic substances is whether their concentrations in the water environment are higher than the reference concentrations, estimated by considering human health risk and ecological risk. Using a risk-based reference concentration, the ambient water quality criterion, it is possible to derive the regulatory limit concentrations of toxic substances in drinking water and in industrial effluent. The goal concentrations in the effluent, which guarantee the human and ecological safety, should be determined with scientific investigation, balancing environmental benefit and economical effect, considering availability of treatment technology and identifying characteristics of wastewater from different industries.
Keywords
Classification; Ecological risk; Human health risk; Priority pollutants; Toxic substances; Water quality criteria;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
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