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Acute and Chronic Ecotoxicity Assessment of Ambient and Effluent Water Discharged to the Lake Shihwa  

Ji, Kyunghee (School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Jang, Shinhye (School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Kim, Youngsook (School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Kim, Eunjoo (School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Kim, Jiyoung (School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Seo, Eunjung (School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Park, Yoonsuk (School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Park, Sujung (School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Choi, Kyungho (School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment / v.23, no.1, 2007 , pp. 144-154 More about this Journal
Abstract
The acute and chronic toxicity of ambient and effluent water discharged to Lake Shihwa were investigated by using Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna and Oryzias latipes. Physicochemical characteristics including biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and nine heavy metals in a total of 15 water samples were evaluated and were satisfied with relevant Korean Water Quality Standards (KWQS) except for Hg in one sample. Acute toxicity was observed in five samples collected from three sampling locations. When impacts on reproduction and growth after chronic exposure were evaluated with D. magna, all the samples showed significant chronic effects. Reproduction appeared relatively more sensitive endpoint. In 21 days chronic tests on O. latipes, survival, mean egg number per female per day, hatching success rate and time to hatch were affected by increasing sample concentration. The organ-level changes such as gonadosomatic index (GSI), and hepatosomatic index (HSI), and molecular biomarker of vitellogenin (Vtg) induction that evaluated with O. latipes increased as exposure concentrations increased. It is noteworthy that the samples that did not exceed the KWQS resulted in acute and chronic toxicities. The results suggested that numeric criteria based on physicochemical parameters may not be protective of aquatic ecosystem. Acute and chronic toxicity tests with organisms representing different trophic groups should be supplemented in order to provide adequate level of environmental protection.
Keywords
Ambient water; Daphnia magna; Effluent; Lake Shihwa; Oryzias latipes; Vibrio fischeri;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
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