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Removal of Nitrate and Particulate from Groundwater with Two stage Biofilter system  

Lee, Moo-Jae (Department of Industrial Chemistry Engineering, Chungbuk National University)
Park, Sang-Min (Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungbuk National University)
Jun, Hang-Bae (Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungbuk National University)
Kim, Kong-Soo (Department of Industrial Chemistry Engineering, Chungbuk National University)
Lim, Jeoung-Su (Composite Material Institute, Young Sung Industrial Co., Ltd.)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment / v.21, no.6, 2005 , pp. 669-675 More about this Journal
Abstract
Biological nitrate removal from groundwater was investigated in the biofilters packed with both gravel/sand and plastic media. Removal of particles and turbidity were also investigated in the 2-stage biofilter system consisted of biofilter and subsequent sand filter. In the single biofilter packed with gravel and sand, nitrate removal efficiency was dropped with the increase of filtration velocity and furthermore, nitrite concentration increased up to 3.2 mg-N/L at 60 m/day. Denitrification rate at the bottom layer below 25 cm was faster 8 times than upper layer in the up-flow biofilter. Nitrite build-up, due to the deficiency of organic electron donors, occurred at the upper layer of bed. Besides DO concentration and organic carbon, contact time in media was the main factor for nitrate removal in a biofilter. The most of the effluent particles from biofilter was in the range from 0.5 to $2.0{\mu}m$, which resulted in high turbidity of 1.8 NTU. However, sand filter followed by biofilter efficiently performed the removal of particles and turbidity, which could reduce the turbidity of final filtrate below 0.5 NTU. Influent nitrate was removed completely in the 2-stage biofilter and no nitrite was detected.
Keywords
Biological nitrate removal; Biofilter; Nitrite build-up; Particles; Turbidity;
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