Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2020.21.5.630

A Review of Aircraft Camouflage Techniques to Reduce Visual Detection  

Jin, Wonjin (Department of Aircraft Mechanical Engineering Inha Technical College)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society / v.21, no.5, 2020 , pp. 630-636 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study reviewed camouflage techniques to reduce the visual detect-ability of aircraft. Visual camouflage can be defined as the process of making objects less visible. Aircraft visual camouflage delays detection of the aircraft position, speed, and flight direction. Multi-tone and counter-shaded schemes are generally adopted as camouflage patterns for close-air-support aircraft and air-superiority aircraft, respectively. Another study showed that the monotone scheme is also efficient when the hue and brightness of the camouflage color are controlled correctly. Active camouflage techniques for aircraft have been studied to increase the camouflage effectiveness. In particular, counter-illumination techniques using electroluminescence devices can minimize the difference in brightness between the aircraft and sky background. Active camouflage techniques are expected to enhance the survivability of low-altitude UAVs, which are vulnerable to visual detection.
Keywords
Aircraft Camouflage; Active Camouflage Technology; Visual Detection; Counter-shading Pattern; Counter-illumination;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 R. Coppinger, "Electroluminescence is key to invisibility," Flight Global, Retrieved April 30, 2008, from https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/electroluminescence-is-key-to-invisibility-223358/ (accessed July 27, 2019)
2 J. Barret and K. Dowd, "A New Airplane for a New World: The Boeing 787 Dreamliner," Design Management Review, Vol.17. No.4, pp. 5-30, Fall, 2006. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1948-7169.2006.tb00059.x
3 A. I. Siegel, D. E. Fletcher, J. Lazo, and E. C. Gifford, Guide to Aircraft In-flight Camouflage, (No. NADC-AC-6904), Applied Psychological Services Inc. PA Science Center, Wayne PA, USA, 1969.
4 J. Paterson, "Overview of Low Observable Technology and Its Effects on Combat Aircraft Survivability," Journal of Aircraft, Vol.36, No.2, pp.380-388, March-April 1999. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.2468   DOI
5 M. Couch and D. Lindell, "Study on Rotorcraft Safety and Survivability," International Helicopter Safety Symposium, October 3-4, 2010.
6 www.airliner.net
7 D. K. Hemphill, R. F. Crutchlow, and C. J. Whitham Jr., "Operational Test and Evaluation Camouflage and Corrosion Control (RF-101)," No. TAC-TR-63-8, Tactical Air Command Langley AFB., VA, USA, October 1963.
8 W. S. Dursteler and R. L. Smith, Test and Evaluation of Ground Visual Sighting of Reconnaissance/Camouflaged Aircraft, No. TAC-TR-65-03A, Tactical Air Command Langley AFB., VA, USA, 1965.
9 "RF-101 Striped Voodoos Part I," Aviation Archives, Retrieved March 11, 2015, from http://aviationarchives.blogspot.com/2015/03/rf-101-striped-voodoos.html (accessed June 15, 2019)
10 R. L. Shaw, R. L. Fighter Combat: Tactics and Maneuvering, Naval Institute Press, 1985.
11 H. M. Rowland, The History, Theory and Evidence for a Cryptic Function of Countershading, Animal camouflage: Mechanisms and Function, Cambridge University Press. pp.53-72, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511852053.004
12 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_lights
13 F. W. Bacon, F. J. Iannarilli, J. A. Conant, T. Deas, and M. Dinning, "Quantitative Camouflage Paint Selection for the CH‐47F Helicopter," Color Research & Application, Vol.34, No.6, pp.406-416, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/col.20538
14 N. E. Scott-Samuel, R. Baddeley, C. E. Palmer, and I. C. Cuthill, "Dazzle Camouflage Affects Speed Perception," PLoS-ONE, Vol.6(6), 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020233
15 P. Moynihan and M. Langevi, Adaptive Camouflage, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, NPO-20706, USA, 2000.
16 D. Hambling, "How Active Camouflage Will Make Small Drones Invisible," Popular Mechanics, Retrieved November 14, 2015, from http://www.popularmechanics.com/flight/drones/a18190/active-camouflage-make-small-drones-invisible/ (accessed July. 20, 2019)
17 S. Douglas and B. Sweetman, "Hiding in Plane Sight: Stealth aircraft own the night. Now they want the day," Popular Science, pp.54-59, May 1997.
18 M. Jewish and B. Sweetman, "Hide and Seek," Jane's International Defence Review, Vol.30, pp.29-32, April 1997.
19 K. H. Kim, K. S. Choi, J. E. Park, and K. Y. Lee, "Environmental Color Planning," Ewha Woman's University Press, Nov. 5, 2011.
20 B. Sweetman, "Boeing Plays Visual Stealth Cards," Interavia Business & Technologies, pp.12-13, Nov/Dec. 2002.
21 C. Lavers, Reeds Vol 14: Stealth Warship Technology, Reeds Marine Engineering and Technology Series, Thomas Reed Publisher, November 1, 2012.
22 K. W. McKee and D. W. Tack, "Active Camouflage Technologies Come of Age," Military Technologies, Vol.33, Issue7, pp.64-70, July 2009.