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http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2016.17.9.407

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Primary Insomnia: A Meta-analysis  

Kim, Ji-Hyun (Department of Nursing, Sahmyook University)
Oh, Pok-Ja (Department of Nursing, Sahmyook University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society / v.17, no.9, 2016 , pp. 407-421 More about this Journal
Abstract
This paper reports a meta-analysis of sixteen studies that evaluated the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for persistent primary insomnia. PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL and several Korean databases were searched between January 2015 and June 2015. The main search strategy involved the terms that indicate CBT-I (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Insomnia) and presence of insomnia. Methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias. Data were analyzed by the RevMan 5.3 program of Cochrane Library. Sixteen clinical trials met the inclusion criteria, resulting in a total of 1503 participants. Stimulus control, sleep restriction, sleep hygiene education, and cognitive restructuring were the main treatment components. CBT-I was conducted for a mean of 5.4 weeks, 5.5 sessions, and an average of 90 minutes per session. The effects of CBT-i on total sleep time (d=-0.31), sleep onset latency (d=-0.29), awakening time after sleep onset (d=-0.55), sleep efficiency (d=-0.70), insomnia severity (d=-0.77) and sleep belief (d=-0.64) were significant. Overall, we found a range from small to moderate effect size. CBT-I also was effective for anxiety (d=-0.30) and depression (d=-0.35). The findings demonstrate that CBT-I interventions will lead to the improvement of both sleep quality and quantity in patients with insomnia.
Keywords
Cognitive behavioral therapy; Insomnia; Meta-analysis;
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