Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.8.5364

The Effects of Hand Function on the Angle of Holding a Smartphone  

Kim, Su-Hyon (Department of Physical Therapy, Hanlyo University)
Kim, Hyun-Jin (Department of Physical Therapy, Hanlyo University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society / v.16, no.8, 2015 , pp. 5364-5371 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to prevent pain and malfunction of the hand by correcting the angle of holding a smartphone. Subjects comprised of 21 healthy students. This research was conducted from April 21 2014 to April 27 2014. The three groups were as follows: first group included 7 students who held the phone at an angle of 90 degrees without a sling, and second group included 7 students who held the smartphone at an angle of 90 degrees with a sling; and the third group included 7 students who held the smartphone at an angle of 120 degrees with a sling. VAS was measured through the Finkelstein Test. Also, pain rating and muscle strength were assessed four times 30 minutes before and after the experiment for one and a half hour with pinch grip, dynamometer, and visual analogue scale. Smartphone was used. In all of the measurements, period showed a significant difference (p<.05) between both sides and a significant difference was not found between the group. In the time ${\times}$ group, pain score and grip strength were significantly different in the right side only (p<.05). According to the results of this experiment, providing support to the hand helps to increase the hand function by reducing the stress.
Keywords
Grip Strength; Hand function; Pinch grip; Smartphone; Visual analogue scale;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 M. Marshall, D Windt, E. Nicholls, H. Myers, K. Dziedzic, "Radiographic thumb osteoarthritis: frequency, patterns and associations with pain and clinical assessment findings in a community-dwelling population", Rheumatology, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 735-739, 2011. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keq371   DOI
2 E. Hagert, J. Lee, A. L. Ladd, "Innervation patterns of thumb trapeziometacarpal joint ligaments", J Hand Surg Am, Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 706-714, 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2011.12.038   DOI
3 N. Mobargha, C. Ludwig, A. L. Ladd, E. Hagert, "Ultrastructure and innervation of thumb carpometacarpal ligaments in surgical patients with osteoarthritis", Clin Orthop Relat Res, Vol. 472, No. 4, pp. 1146-1154, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11999-013-3083-7   DOI
4 J. Lee, A. Ladd, E. Hagert, "Immunofluorescent triple-staining technique to identify sensory nerve endings in human thumb ligaments", Cells Tissues Organs, Vol. 195, No. 5, pp. 456-464, 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000327725   DOI
5 H. R. Barthel, J. H. Peniston, M. B. Clark, M. S. Gold, R. D. Altman, "Correlation of pain relief with physical function in hand osteoarthritis: randomized controlled trial post hoc analysis", Arthritis Res Ther, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 1-8, 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/ar2906   DOI
6 E. P. Ahearn, "The use of visual analog scales in mood disorders: a critical review", J Psychiatr Res, Vol. 31, No. 5, pp. 569-579, 1997. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3956(97)00029-0   DOI
7 J. H. Villafane, K. Valdes, L. Bertozzi, S. Negrini, "Minimal clinically important difference of grip and pinch strength in women with thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis when compared to healthy subjects", Rebabil Nurs, No. 12, pp. 1-8, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rnj.196   DOI
8 J. C. MacDermid, J. F. Kramer, M. G. Woodbury, R. M. McFarlane, J. H. Roth, "Interrater reliability of pinch and grip strength measurements in patients with cumulative trauma disorders", J Hand Ther, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 10-14, 1994. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0894-1130(12)80035-4   DOI
9 K. B. Perry, J. P. Hourcade, "Evaluation one handed thumb tapping on mobile touchscreen devices", Proc Graph Interface, pp. 57-64, 2008.
10 L. Algar, K. Valdes, "Using smartphone applications as hand therapy interventions", J Hand Ther, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 254-257, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jht.2013.12.009   DOI
11 J. White, C. Thompson, H. Tumer, B. Dougherty, D. C. Schmidt, "Wreckwatch: automatic traffic accident detection and notification with smartphones", Mobile Netw Appl, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 285-303, 2011. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11036-011-0304-8   DOI
12 T. H. Rho, E. H. Kwon, E. E. Park, H. E. Lee, "Analysis of biomechanics for pinch strength due to elbow flexion degree", J Korean Soc Phys Med, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 275-280, 2009.
13 S. Ambike, F. Paclet, V. M. Zatsiorsky, M. L. Latash, "Factors affecting grip force: anatomy, mechanics, and referent configurations", Exp Brain Res, Vol. 232, No. 4, pp. 1219-1231, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-014-3838-8   DOI
14 N. J. Seo, B. S. Sindhu, O. Shechtman, "Influence of pain associated with musculoskeletal disorders on grip force timing", J Hand Ther, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 335-343, 2011. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jht.2011.06.004   DOI
15 M. Nikanjam, K. Kursa, S. Lehman, L. Lattanza, E. Diao, D. Rempel, "Finger flexor motor control patterns during active flexion: an in vivo tendon force study", Hum Mov Sci, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 1-10, 2007. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2006.09.002   DOI
16 J. L. Morse, M. C. Jung, G. R. Bashford, M. S. Hallbeck, "Maximal dynamic grip force and wrist torque: the effects of gender, exertion direction, angular velocity, and wrist angle", Appl Ergon, Vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 737-742, 2006. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2005.11.008   DOI
17 K. Kursa, E. Diao, L. Lattanza, D. Rempel, "In vivo forces generated by finger flexor muscles do not depend on the rate of fingertip loading during an isometric task", J Biomech, Vol. 38, No. 11, pp. 2288-2293, 2005. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.07.035   DOI
18 N. J. Seo, T. J. Armstrong, J. A. Ashton-Miller, D. B. Chaffin, "The effect of torque direction and cylindrical handle diameter on the coupling between the hand and a cylindrical handle", J Biomech, Vol. 40, No. 14, pp. 3236-3243, 2007. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.04.023   DOI
19 C. Pylatiuk, A. Kargov, S. Schulz, L. Doderlein, "Distribution of grip force in three different functional prehension patterns", J Med Eng Technol, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 176-182, 2006. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03091900600565217   DOI
20 V. A. McQuiddy, C. R. Scheerer, R. Lavalley, T. McGrath, L. Lin, "Normative values for grip and pinch strenrth for 6-to 19-tears-old", Arch Phys Med Rehabil. No. 4, pp. 1-7, 2015.
21 J. S. Casanova, "Clinical assessment recommendations", American Society of Hand Therapists, Chicago, 1992.
22 M. Mohammadian, A. Choobineh, A. Haghdoost, N. Hasheminejad, "Normative data of grip and pinch strenghts in healthy adults of iranian population", Iran J Public Health, Vol. 43, No. 8, pp. 1113-1122, 2014.
23 J. E. Cromie, V. J. Robertson, M. O. Best, "Work-related musculoskeletal disorders in physical therapists: prevalence, severity, risks, and reponses", Phys Ther, Vol. 80, No. 4, pp. 336-351, 2000.   DOI
24 J. H. Kim, "A study on the pain characteristics of the hand parts and the factors related to grip and pinch strength among estheticians", Daegu University, Graduate School, 2013.