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http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2012.13.11.5350

Comparative Modeling of Human Tyrosinase - an Important Target for Developing Skin Whitening Agents  

Choi, Jongkeun (Center for Nutraceutical & Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University)
Suh, Joo Won (Center for Nutraceutical & Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society / v.13, no.11, 2012 , pp. 5350-5355 More about this Journal
Abstract
Human tyrosinase (hTyr) catalyzes the first and rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of a skin color determinant, melanin. Although a number of cosmetic companies have tried to develop hTyr inhibitors for several decades, absence of 3D structure of hTyr make it impossible to design or screen inhibitors by structure-based approach. Therefore, we built a 3D structure by comparative modeling technique based on the crystal structure of tyrosinase from Bacillus megaterium to provide structural information and to search new hit compounds from database. Our model revealed that two copper atoms of active site located deep inside and were coordinated with six strictly conserved histidine residues coming from four-helix-bundle. Substrate binding site had narrow funnel like shape and its entrance was wide and exposed to solvent. In addition, hTyr-tyrosine and hTyr-kojic acid, a well-known inhibitor, complexes were modeled with the guide of solvent accessible surface generated by in-house software. Our model demonstrated that only phenol group or its analogs could fill the binding site near the nuclear copper center, because inside of binding site had narrow shape relatively. In conclusion, the results of this study may provide helpful information for designing and screening new anti-melanogenic agents.
Keywords
Human tyrosinase; Comparative modeling; 3D structure; Kojic acid; Complex structure;
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