Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.22683/tsnr.2021.10.3.111

Impact of COVID-19 on Individual Depression and Quality of Life: Focusing on Differences by Age Group  

Ha, Seong Kyu (Department of Occupational Therapy, Jungwon University)
Lee, Hey Sig (Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School, Yonsei University)
Park, Hae Yean (Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Software Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University)
Publication Information
Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation / v.10, no.3, 2021 , pp. 111-122 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective : The worldwide Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased the level of depression and decreased the quality of life. This has caused an adverse effect of deteriorating the quality of life. As such, this study attempted to determine the effects of COVID-19 on depression and quality of life. Methods : The content was analyzed by conducting an online survey for two months, from November 2020 to December 2020, targeting 270 adults in their 20s to 60s nationwide. Results : Among the subjects', those in their 50s showed the greatest change in depression (p<.05). In terms of quality of life, there were significant changes in all age groups (p<.001). Among the subject characteristics unmarried individuals showed greater depression after COVID-19 than those who were married (p<.012). In terms of quality of life, married individuals had a higher quality of life than those who were unmarried (p<.001). Conclusion : The results confirmed that COVID-19 increased depression and lowered the quality of life in adults. The impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic, on society is constantly changing. This research needs to be updated.
Keywords
Adult; COVID-19; Depression; Quality of life;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Heitzman, J. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. Psychiatria Polska, 54(2), 187-198. doi:10.12740/PP/120373   DOI
2 Huang, Y., & Zhao, N. (2020). Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: A web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Research, 228, 1-6. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954   DOI
3 Lee, N. Y., & Kang, J. H. (2020). A phenomenological study on the emotional change of the elderly aged 65 and older who experienced COVID-19 social situation. Journal of the Korea Entertainment Industry Association, 14(6), 171-179. doi:10.21184/jkeia.2020.8.14.6.171   DOI
4 Lim, E. J., Oh, H. W., Park, B. R., & Cho, S. H. (2021). The effects of firefighters sleep on mental health and quality of life in COVID-19. Journal of the Korea Entertainment Industry Association, 15(1), 161-169. doi:10.21184/jkeia.2021.1.15.1.161   DOI
5 Kazmi, S. S. H., Hasan, K., Talib, S., & Saxena, S. (2020). COVID-19 and lockdown: A study on the impact on mental health. Mukt Shabd Journal, 9(4), 1477-1489. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3577515   DOI
6 Kwon, D. H., Hwang, J., Cho, Y. W., Song, M. L., & Kim, K. T. (2020). The mental health and sleep quality of the medical staff at a hub-hospital against COVID-19 in South Korea. Journal of Sleep Medicine, 17(1), 93-97. doi:10.13078/jsm.200016   DOI
7 Lee, S. W., & Cho, I. K. (2020). Understanding university students in COVID-19 pandemic era and psychological support measures - Focused on H university cases. Korean Journal of Collegian Counseling & Research, 26(1), 1-24.
8 Lim, G. Y., Tam, W. W., Lu, Y., Ho, C. S., Zhang, M. W., & Ho, R. C. (2018). Prevalence of depression in the community from 30 countries between 1994 and 2014. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 1-10. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21243-x   DOI
9 Liu, K., Chen, Y., Lin, R., & Han, K. (2020). Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients. Journal of Infection, 80(6), 14-18. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.005   DOI
10 Jiloha, R. C. (2020). COVID-19 and mental health. Epidemiology International, 5(1), 7-9. doi:10.24321/2455.7048.202002   DOI
11 Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401. doi:10.1177/014662167700100306   DOI
12 Wang, Y., Di, Y., Ye, J., & Wei, W. (2021). Study on the public psychological states and its related factors during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in some regions of China. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 26(1), 13-22. doi:10.1080/13548506.2020.1746817   DOI
13 Desclaux, A., Badji, D., Ndione, A. G., & Sow, K. (2017). Accepted monitoring or endured quarantine? Ebola contacts' perceptions in Senegal. Social Science & Medicine, 178(4), 38-45. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.02.009   DOI
14 Sareen, J., Erickson, J., Medved, M. I., Asmundson, G. J., Enns, M. W., Stein, M., ... Logsetty, S. (2013). Risk factors for post injury mental health problems. Depression and Anxiety, 30(4), 321-327. doi:10.1002/da.22077   DOI
15 Vilagut, G., Forero, C. G., Barbaglia, G., & Alonso, J. (2016). Screening for depression in the general population with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D): A systematic review with meta-analysis. PloS One, 11(5), 1-17. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0155431   DOI
16 Shah, S. M. A., Mohammad, D., Qureshi, M. F. H., Abbas, M. Z., & Aleem, S. (2021). Prevalence, psychological responses and associated correlates of depression, anxiety and stress in a global population, during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Community Mental Health Journal, 57(1), 101-110. doi:10.1007/s10597-020-00728-y   DOI
17 Min, S. K., Lee, C. I., Kim, K. I., Suh, S. Y., & Kim, D. K. (2000). Development of Korean Version of WHO Quality of Life Scale Abbreviated Version (WHOQOL-BREF). Journal Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 39(3), 571-579.
18 Moghanibashi-Mansourieh, A. (2020). Assessing the anxiety level of Iranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 1-5. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102076   DOI
19 Odriozola-Gonzalez, P., Planchuelo-Gomez, A., Irurtia, M. J., & de Luis-Garcia, R. (2020). Psychological symptoms of the outbreak of the COVID-19 confinement in Spain. Journal of Health Psychology, 1-11. doi:10.1177/1359105320967086   DOI
20 Othman, N. (2020). Depression, anxiety, and stress in the time of COVID-19 pandemic in Kurdistan region, Iraq. Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research, 5(3), 37-44. doi:10.24017/covid.5   DOI
21 Banerjee, D. (2020). The COVID-19 outbreak: Crucial role the psychiatrists can play. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 50, 1-2. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102014   DOI
22 World Health Organization. (1998). Programme on mental health: WHOQOL user manual (No. WHO/HIS/HSI Rev. 2012. 03). Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/77932/WHO_HIS_HSI_Rev.2?sequence=1
23 Shahriarirad, R., Erfani, A., Ranjbar, K., Bazrafshan, A., & Mirahmadizadeh, A. (2021). The mental health impact of COVID-19 outbreak: A nationwide survey in Iran. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 15(1), 1-13. doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-23425/v3   DOI
24 Silva, P. A. B., Soares, S. M., Santos, J. F. G., & Silva, L. B. (2014). Cut-off point for WHOQOL-bref as a measure of quality of life of older adults. Revista de Saude Publica, 48(3), 390-397. doi:10.1590/s0034-8910.2014048004912   DOI
25 Venkatesh, A., & Edirappuli, S. (2020). Social distancing in covid-19: What are the mental health implications? The British Medical Journal, 2020, 1. doi:10.1136/bmj.m1379   DOI
26 Zhang, Y., & Ma, Z. F. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and quality of life among local residents in Liaoning Province, China: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), 1-12. doi:10.3390/ijerph17072381   DOI
27 Zhou, S. J., Zhang, L. G., Wang, L. L., Guo, Z. C., Wang, J. Q., Chen, J. C., ... Chen, J. X. (2020). Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of psychological health problems in Chinese adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 29(6), 749-758. doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01541-4   DOI
28 Zhu, Z. B., Zhong, C. K., Zhang, K. X., Dong, C., Peng, H., Xu, T., ... Zhang, Y. H. (2020). Epidemic trend of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID -19) in mainland China. Zhonqhua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi, 54(6), 620-624. doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200222-00163   DOI
29 World Health Organization. (2021). WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. Retrived from https://covid19.who.int/
30 Ahmed, M. Z., Ahmed, O., Aibao, Z., Hanbin, S., Siyu, L., & Ahmad, A. (2020). Epidemic of COVID-19 in China and associated psychological problems. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 1-7. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102092   DOI
31 Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912-920. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30460-8   DOI
32 Cheng, C., Jun, H., & Baoyong, L. (2014). Psychological health diathesis assessment system: A nationwide survey of resilient trait scale for Chinese adults. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 12(6), 735-742.
33 Choi, D. Y., Oh, H. I., & Kim, J. H. (2020). Exclusive lockdown of the elderly, is this a morally justifiable policy to overcome COVID-19? Biology, Ethics and Policy, 4(2), 91-117.
34 Choi, E. P. H., Hui, B. P. H., & Wan, E. Y. F. (2020). Depression and anxiety in Hong Kong during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), 1-11. doi:10.3390/ijerph17103740   DOI
35 Chon, K. K., & Rhee, M. K. (1992). Preliminary Development of Korean Version of CES-D. The Korean Psychological Association, 11(1), 65-76.
36 World Health Organization. (2020). Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak, 18 March 2020 (No. WHO/2019-nCoV/MentalHealth/2020.1). Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/331490
37 질병관리청. (2021). 코로나19 국내 발생 및 예방접종 현황. Retrieved from http://kdca.go.kr/board/board.es?mid=a20501010000&bid=0015&act=view&list_no=712581