Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2016.17.S3.125

Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis Induction of Essential Oils and Extracts of Nepeta cataria L. on Human Prostatic and Breast Cancer Cell Lines  

Emami, Seyed Ahmad (Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Asili, Javad (Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
HosseinNia, Shima (Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Yazdian-Robati, Rezvan (Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Sahranavard, Mehrdad (Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Tayarani-Najaran, Zahra (Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Publication Information
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention / v.17, no.sup3, 2016 , pp. 125-130 More about this Journal
Abstract
Nepeta cataria L. has been used in traditional medicine of some countries. Here the cytotoxic and apoptogenic activity of methanol extracts, n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and acqueous extracts and the essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of the plant were evaluated with PC3, DU-145 and MCF-7 cell lines. Cell viability, histograms of PI stained fragmented DNA in apoptotic cells and Western blot analysis of proteins involved in the cascade of apoptosis were compared in all samples. Thirty components were identified as volatile, representing 99.7% of essential oil composition after GC-MS analysis of the oil obtained from aerial parts of the N. cataria by hydro-distillation. The major oil components of the essential oil were nepetalactone stereoisomers. Comparing IC50 values showed estrogen receptor positive PC3 cells were more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of N. cataria in comparison with low hormone-receptor presenting DU-145 cells. Among multiple extracts and essential oils of the plant, only the ethyl acetate extract could significantly decrease cell viability in PC3 cells, in a concentration dependent manner. Ethyl acetate extract of N. cataria treated cells showed a sub-G1 peak in PC3 cells in a concentration dependent manner that indicates the involvement of an apoptotic process in ethyl acetate extract-induced cell death. Western blotting analysis showed that in PC3 cells treated with ethyl acetate (48 h) caspase 3 and PARP were cleaved to active forms. Overall, the results suggest that further analytical elucidation of N. cataria in respect to finding new cytotoxic chemicals with anti-tumor activity is warranted.
Keywords
Nepeta cataria L - lamiaceae - cytotoxic - apoptosis; essential oil;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Baloch N, Nabi S, Bashir S, Al-Kahraman Ym (2013) In vitro antileishmanial, cytotoxic activity and phytochemical analysis of Nepeta Praetervisa leaves extract and its fractions. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, 5, 475-8.
2 Baser K, Kirimer N, Kurkcuoglu M, Demirci B (2000) Essential oils of Nepeta species growing in Turkey. Chem Nat Compd, 36, 356-9.   DOI
3 Bener A, Ayub H, Kakil R, Ibrahim W (2008) Patterns of cancer incidence among the population of Qatar: a worldwide comparative study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 9, 19-24.
4 Buchanan G, Craft PS, Yang M, et al. (2004) PC-3 cells with enhanced androgen receptor signaling: A model for clonal selection in prostate cancer. Prostate, 60, 352-66.   DOI
5 Chaitanya GV, Steven AJ, Babu PP (2010) PARP-1 cleavage fragments: signatures of cell-death proteases in neurodegeneration. J Cell Commun Signal, 8, 31.   DOI
6 De Mayo FJ, Zhao B, Takamoto N, Tsai SY (2002) Mechanisms of action of estrogen and progesterone. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 955, 48-59.   DOI
7 Duke JA ( 2001) Handbook of Medicinal Plants, Boca Raton. CRC press, 325-7.
8 Dweck AC (2006) Isoflavones, phytohormones and phytosterols. J Appl Cosmetol, 24, 17-33.
9 Handjieva NV, Popov SS, Evstatieva LN (1996). Constituents of essential oils from Nepeta cataria L., N. grandiflora MB and N. nuda L. J Essent Oil Res, 8, 639-43.   DOI
10 Hannun YA (1997) Apoptosis and the dilemma of cancer chemotherapy. Blood, 89, 1845-53.
11 Jamzad, Z (2012) Lamiaceae. in: Flora of Iran. Assadi, M., ed. No.76, Tehran, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, 454-609.
12 Kim IG, Kang SC, Kim KC, Choung ES, Zee OP (2008) Screening of estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities from medicinal plants. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol, 25, 75-82.   DOI
13 Kuiper G, Enmark E, Pelto-Huikko M, Nilsson S, Gustafsson J-A (1996) Cloning of a novel receptor expressed in rat prostate and ovary. P Natl Acad Sci, 93, 5925-30.   DOI
14 Linja MJ, Savinainen KJ, Tammela TL, Isola JJ, Visakorpi T (2003) Expression of $ER{\alpha}$ and $ER{\beta}$ in prostate cancer. Prostate, 55, 180-6.   DOI
15 Rigano D, Arnold NA, Conforti F, et al. (2011) Characterisation of the essential oil of Nepeta glomerata Montbret et Aucher ex Bentham from Lebanon and its biological activities. Nat prod Res, 25, 614-26.   DOI
16 Nicoletti I, Migliorati G, Pagliacci M, Grignani F, Riccardi C (1991) A rapid and simple method for measuring thymocyte apoptosis by propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. J Immunol Methods, 139, 271-9.   DOI
17 Prins GS, Birch L, Couse JF (2001) Estrogen imprinting of the developing prostate gland is mediated through stromal estrogen receptor alpha: studies with alphaERKO and beta ERKO mice. Cancer Res, 61, 6089-97.
18 Rehman NU, Begum N, Ali L, et al. (2015) Lipid eroxidation, antiglycation, cytotoxic, phytotoxic, antioxidant, antiplatelet and antimicrobial activities of Ajuga bracteosa against various pathogens. Pak J Bot, 47,1195-7.
19 Safaei-Ghomi J, Djafari-Bidgoli Z, Batooli H (2009) Volatile constituents analysis of Nepeta cataria from central Iran. Chem Nat Compd ,45, 913-5.   DOI
20 Shakeri A, Khakdan F, Soheili V, et al (2014) Chemical composition, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxicity of essential oil from Nepeta ucrainica L. spp. kopetdaghensis. Ind Crop Prod, 58, 315-21.   DOI
21 Tayarani-Najaran Z, Mousavi SH, Tajfard F, et al (2013) Cytotoxic and apoptogenic properties of three isolated diterpenoids from Salvia chorassanica through bioassay-guided fractionation. Food Chem Toxicol, 57, 346-51.   DOI
22 Zomorodian K, Saharkhiz MJ, Rahimi MJ, et al (2013) Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of Nepeta cataria L. against common causes of oral infections. J Dent, 10, 329-37.
23 Elmore S (2007) Apoptosis: a review of programmed cell death. Toxicol Pathol, 35, 495-516.   DOI
24 Zomorodian K, Saharkhiz MJ, Shariati S, et al (2012) Chemical composition a Table 1:Chemical composition of essential oil obtained by hydro-distillation from aerial parts of N. cataria. food-borne infections, ISRN Pharmacol, 6, 1-6.