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http://dx.doi.org/10.14456/apjcp.2016.205/APJCP.2016.17.8.4003

Sex Steroids Regulate Expression of Genes Containing Long Interspersed Elements-1s in Breast Cancer Cells  

Chaiwongwatanakul, Saichon (Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University)
Yanatatsaneejit, Pattamawadee (Human Genetics Research Group, department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Chulalongkorn University)
Tongsima, Sissades (Biostatistics and Informatics Laboratory, Genome Institute, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology)
Mutirangura, Apiwat (Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University)
Boonyaratanakornkit, Viroj (Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University)
Publication Information
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention / v.17, no.8, 2016 , pp. 4003-4007 More about this Journal
Abstract
Long interspersed elements-1s (LINE-1s) are dispersed all over the human genome. There is evidence that hypomethylation of LINE-1s and levels of sex steroids regulate gene expression leading to cancer development. Here, we compared mRNA levels of genes containing an intragenic LINE-1 in breast cancer cells treated with various sex steroids from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), with the gene expression database using chi-square analysis (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo). We evaluated whether sex steroids influence expression of genes containing an intragenic LINE-1. Three sex steroids at various concentrations, 1 and 10 nM estradiol (E2), 10 nM progesterone (PG) and 10 nM androgen (AN), were assessed. In breast cancer cells treated with 1 or 10 nM E2, a significant percentage of genes containing an intragenic LINE-1 were down-regulated. A highly significant percentage of E2-regulated genes containing an intragenic LINE-1 was down-regulated in cells treated with 1 nM E2 for 3 hours (p<3.70E-25; OR=1.91; 95% CI=2.16-1.69). Similarly, high percentages of PG or AN-regulated genes containing an intragenic LINE-1 wwere also down-regulated in cells treated with 10 nM PG or 10 nM AN for 16 hr (p=9.53E-06; OR=1.65; 95% CI=2.06-1.32 and p=3.81E-14; OR=2.01; 95% CI=2.42-1.67). Interestingly, a significant percentage of AN-regulated genes containing an intragenic LINE-1 was up-regulated in cells treated with 10 nM AN for 16 hr (p=4.03E-02; OR=1.40; 95% CI=1.95-1.01). These findings suggest that intragenic LINE-1s may play roles in sex steroid mediated gene expression in breast cancer cells, which could have significant implications for the development and progression of sex steroid-dependent cancers.
Keywords
Estrogen; progesterone; androgen; LINE-1s; gene experession; breast cancer cells;
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