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http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.8.3371

Purple Rice Bran Extract Attenuates the Aflatoxin B1-Induced Initiation Stage of Hepatocarcinogenesis by Alteration of Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes  

Suwannakul, Nattawan (Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University)
Punvittayagul, Charatda (Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University)
Jarukamjorn, Kanokwan (Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University)
Wongpoomchai, Rawiwan (Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University)
Publication Information
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention / v.16, no.8, 2015 , pp. 3371-3376 More about this Journal
Abstract
Pigmented rice bran has been suggested to be a valuable source of beneficial phytochemicals. We investigated genotoxic and anti-genotoxic effects of purple rice bran extract (PRBE) in rats using a liver micronucleus assay. Purple rice bran was extracted with methanol, obtaining large amounts of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins and small amounts of gamma-oryzanol. The experimental protocols were divided into two sets. Male rats were divided into three groups. Group 1 was a negative control, while Groups 2 and 3 were fed with 100 and 500 mg/kg bw of PRBE, respectively, for 28 days. PRBE had no effect on micronucleus formation or xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in rat liver. Experiments concerning the effect of PRBE on $AFB_1$ showed that PRBE significantly lessened the amount of micronucleated hepatocytes in $AFB_1$ treated rats. Furthermore, it modulated metabolic activation of $AFB_1$ metabolism in the liver by suppressing activity and protein expression of CYP1A2, CYP3A and CYP 450 reductase, and enhancing phase II enzymes including GST and UGT. Overall, purple rice bran extract was not genotoxic in rats. It exhibited anti-genotoxicity by modulation some xenobiotic enzymes active in $AFB_1$ metabolism.
Keywords
Purple rice bran; aflatoxin B1; hepatocarcinogenesis; xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 9  (Citation Analysis)
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