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http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.8.3293

ALEX1 Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells  

Gao, Yue (Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University)
Wu, Jia-Yan (Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University)
Zeng, Fan (Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University)
Liu, Ge-Li (Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University)
Zhang, Han-Tao (Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University)
Yun, Hong (Foreign Language College, Chongqing Medical University)
Song, Fang-Zhou (Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University)
Publication Information
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention / v.16, no.8, 2015 , pp. 3293-3299 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: Arm protein lost in epithelial cancers, on chromosome X (ALEX) is a novel subgroup within the armadillo (ARM) family, which has one or two ARM repeat domains as opposed to more than six-thirteen repeats in the classical Armadillo family members. Materials and Methods: In the study, we explore the biological functions of ALEX1 in breast cancer cells. Overexpression of ALEX1 and silencing of ALEX1 were performed with SK-BR3 and MCF-7 cell lines. Cell proliferation and colony formation assays, along with flow cytometry, were carried out to evaluate the roles of ALEX1. Results: ALEX1 overexpression in SK-BR3 breast cancer cells inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, depletion of ALEX1 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells increased proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. Additional analyses demonstrated that the overexpression of ALEX1 activated the intrinsic apoptosis cascades through up-regulating the expression of Bax, cytosol cytochrome c, active caspase-9 and active caspase-3 and down-regulating the levels of Bcl-2 and mitochondria cytochrome c. Simultaneouly, silencing of ALEX1 inhibited intrinsic apoptosis cascades through down-regulating the expression of Bax, cytosol cytochrome c, active caspase-9, and active caspase-3 and up-regulating the level of Bcl-2 and mitochondria cytochrome c. Conclusions: Our data suggest that ALEX1 as a crucial tumor suppressor gene has been involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis in breast cancer, which may serve as a novel candidate therapeutic target.
Keywords
Breast cancer; ALEX1; cell proliferation; apoptosis; active caspase-3;
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