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http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.16.6939

Sulfasalazine Induces Autophagic Cell Death in Oral Cancer Cells via Akt and ERK Pathways  

Han, Hye-Yeon (Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Institute of Translational Dental Science, Pusan National University)
Kim, Hyungwoo (Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University)
Jeong, Sung-Hee (Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute)
Lim, Do-Seon (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Eulji University)
Ryu, Mi Heon (Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Institute of Translational Dental Science, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention / v.15, no.16, 2014 , pp. 6939-6944 More about this Journal
Abstract
Sulfasalazine (SSZ) is an anti-inflammatory drug that has been used to treat inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis for decades. Recently, some reports have suggested that SSZ also has anti-cancer properties against human tumors. However, little is known about the effects of SSZ on oral cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer effects of SSZ in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and to elucidate the mechanisms involved. The authors investigated the anti-proliferative effect of SSZ using the MTT method in HSC-4 cells (an OSCC cell line). Cell cycle analysis, acidic vesicular organelle (AVO) staining, monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and Western blotting were also conducted to investigate the cytotoxic mechanism of SSZ. SSZ significantly inhibited the proliferation of HSC-4 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, SSZ induced autophagic cell death, increased microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain (MAP1-LC; also known as LC) 3-II levels, as well as induced punctate AVO and MDC staining, resulted in autophagic cell death. Furthermore, these observations were accompanied by the inhibition of the Akt pathway and the activation of ERK pathway. These results suggest that SSZ promotes autophagic cell death via Akt and ERK pathways and has chemotherapeutic potential for the treatment of oral cancer.
Keywords
Sulfasalazine; oral cancer; autophagic cell death; Akt; ERK;
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