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http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.3.1911

Carotenoid Intake and Esophageal Cancer Risk: a Meta-analysis  

Ge, Xiao-Xiao (Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University)
Xing, Mei-Yuan (Department of Library, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University)
Yu, Lan-Fang (Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University)
Shen, Peng (Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University)
Publication Information
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention / v.14, no.3, 2013 , pp. 1911-1918 More about this Journal
Abstract
This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between intake of carotenoids and risk of esophageal cancer. A systematic search using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, and CBM (updated to 6 May 2012) identified ten articles meeting the inclusion criteria with 1,958 cases of esophageal cancer and 4,529 controls. Higher intake of beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, lycopene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin reduced esophageal cancer risk with pooled ORs of 0.58 (95% CI 0.44, 0.77), 0.81 (95% CI 0.70, 0.94), 0.75 (95% CI 0.64, 0.86), 0.80 (95% CI 0.66, 0.97), and 0.71 (95% CI 0.59, 0.87), respectively. In subgroup analyses, beta-carotene showed protective effects against esophageal adenocarcinoma in studies located in Europe and North America. Alpha-carotene, lycopene, and beta-cryptoxanthin showed protection against esophageal squamous cell cancer. This meta-analysis suggested that higher intake of carotenoids (beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, lycopene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin) is associated with lower risk of esophageal cancer. Further research with large-sample studies need to be conducted to better clarify the potentially protective mechanisms of carotenoid associations risk of different types of esophageal cancer.
Keywords
Carotenoids (lycopene, b-carotene); esophageal cancer; cancer risk; meta-analysis;
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