Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2022.vol9.no1.0291

E-commerce Adoption of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises During COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from South Asian Countries  

HOSSAIN, Md Billal (Economic and Regional Sciences, the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences)
WICAKSONO, Tutur (Economic and Regional Sciences, the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia (UAI))
NOR, Khalil Md (Azman Hashim International Business School, University of Technology Malaysia)
DUNAY, Anna (Institute of Economic Sciences, the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences)
ILLES, Csaba Balint (Institute of Economic Sciences, the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences)
Publication Information
The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business / v.9, no.1, 2022 , pp. 291-298 More about this Journal
Abstract
COVID-19 has spread across the world in the last two years, confining people to their homes and shutting down businesses and markets. The world is currently experiencing a catastrophic economic and social crisis. To benefit people and to protect them, industries invented new products. These products were made by small and medium-sized businesses across the globe. In South Asia, there was also a rigorous lockdown, people were laid off, and SMEs adopted E-commerce to assist clients and customers. Therefore, the study aims to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on E-commerce adoption through open innovation strategies in South Asian countries. 500 respondents were selected through an online questionnaire to collect data from different countries of South Asia. The prominent countries are; India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. The results of the study show that perceived compatibility and complexity have a positive influence on E-commerce adoption. In normal circumstances, however, the open innovation model is feasible. Knowledge and experience sharing and management attitude have a moderate impact on E-commerce adoption. These results are beneficial for researchers and SME managers in South Asia to overcome the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic and increase the number of skilled people employed. This study suggests that SMEs should hire skilled workers to upgrade their systems.
Keywords
E-commerce Adoption; SMEs; South Asia; Open Innovation; COVID-19 Pandemic;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Ahmad, S. Z., Abu Bakar, A. R., Faziharudean, T. M., & Mohamad Zaki, K. A. (2015). An empirical study of factors affecting e-commerce adoption among small-and medium-sized enterprises in a developing country: Evidence from Malaysia. Information Technology for Development, 21(4), 555-572. https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2014.899961   DOI
2 Alfonso, V., Boar, C., Frost, J., Gambacorta, L., & Liu, J. (2021). E-commerce in the pandemic and beyond (BIS Bulletin No. 36). Basel, Switzerland: Bank for International Settlement. https://www.bis.org/publ/bisbull36.htm
3 Alhaimer, R. (2021). Fluctuating attitudes and behaviors of customers toward online shopping in times of emergency: The case of Kuwait during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Internet Commerce, 5(9), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332861.2021.1882758   DOI
4 Teo, T. L., Chan, C., & Parker, C. (2004). Factors affecting e-commerce adoption by SMEs: A meta-analysis. ACIS, 54, 16-39. https://doi.org/10.112331/acis.54.16
5 Tran, L. T. T. (2021). Managing the effectiveness of E-commerce platforms in a pandemic. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 58, 102287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102287   DOI
6 Wicaksono, T., Nugroho, A. D., Lakner, Z., Dunay, A., & Illes, C. B. (2021). Word of mouth, digital media, and open innovation at the agricultural SMEs. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(1), 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010091   DOI
7 Faraoni, M., Rialti, R., Zollo, L., & Pellicelli, A. C. (2019). Exploring e-loyalty antecedents in B2C e-commerce: Empirical results from Italian grocery retailers. British Food Journal, 16(9), 43-58. https://doi.org/10.26524/brj.16.9.19   DOI
8 Bozer, G., & Jones, R. J. (2018). Understanding the factors that determine workplace coaching effectiveness: A systematic literature review. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 27(3), 342-361. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2018.1446946   DOI
9 Chaffey, D., Edmundson-Bird, D., & Hemphill, T. (2019). Digital business and e-commerce management. London, UK: Pearson UK.
10 Chin, W. W. (2001). PLS-graph user's guide. Houston, TX: University of Houston.
11 Ghobakhloo, M., Arias-Aranda, D., & Benitez-Amado, J. (2011). Adoption of e-commerce applications in SMEs. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 19(41), 616-634. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63761-3_31   DOI
12 Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152. https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202   DOI
13 Hutajulu, R. S., Susita, D., & Eliyana, A. (2021). The effect of digitalization and virtual leadership on organizational innovation during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis: A case study in Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 8(10), 57-64. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no10.0057   DOI
14 McPhillips, M. (2020). Trouble in paradise? Barriers to open innovation in regional clusters in the era of the 4th industrial revolution. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(3), 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6030084   DOI
15 Mohamad, A. H., Hamzah, A. A., Ramli, R., & Fathullah, M. (2020). E-commerce beyond the pandemic coronavirus: Click and collect food ordering. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 864(1), 012-049. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/864/1/012049   DOI
16 Priambodo, I. T., Sasmoko, S., Abdinagoro, S. B., & Bandur, A. (2021). E-commerce readiness of creative industry during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 8(3), 865-873. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no3.0865   DOI
17 Rebeka, E., & Indra Devi, R. (2015). A study on the perception of employees during the change in an organization. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(1), 72-72. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n1p72   DOI
18 Rogers, E. M. (2002). Diffusion of preventive innovations. Addictive Behaviors, 27(6), 989-993. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4603(02)00300-3   DOI
19 Tan, K. S., Chong, S. C., Lin, B., & Eze, U. C. (2009). Internet-based ICT adoption: Evidence from Malaysian SMEs. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 109(2), 224-244. https://doi. org/10.1108/02635570910930118   DOI
20 Tepeh, A. G., & Rahgozar, M. (2008). A knowledge-based question answering system for B2C eCommerce. Knowledge-Based Systems, 21(8), 946-950. https://doi.org/10.1.1.85.7376   DOI
21 Gkika, E. C., Anagnostopoulos, T., Ntanos, S., & Kyriakopoulos, G. L. (2020). User preferences on cloud computing and open innovation: A case study for university employees in Greece. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(2), 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6020041   DOI
22 Guzman, S. A., Foster, P. F., Ramirez-Correa, P., Grandon, E. E., & Alfaro-Perez, J. (2018). Information systems and their effect on organizational performance: An inquiry into job satisfaction and commitment in higher education institutions. Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management, 3(4), 26. https://doi.org/10.20897/jisem/3937   DOI
23 Kussusanti, S., Tjiptoherijanto, P., Halim, R. E., & Furinto, A. (2019). Informational justice and post-recovery satisfaction in e-commerce: The role of service failure severity on behavioral intentions. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 6(1), 129-139. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2019.vol6.no1.129   DOI
24 Mohd Zain, Z., Jusoh, A. A., Munir, R. I. S., & Putit, L. (2020). Drivers of e-commerce adoption amongst small & mediumsized enterprises (SMEs) in the business service sector. Journal of International Business, Economics, and Entrepreneurship, 5(1), 50-58. https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/34890/
25 Schneider, F., Buehn, A., & Montenegro, C. E. (2010). New estimates for the shadow economies all over the world. International Economic Journal, 24(4), 443-461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2020.02.001   DOI
26 Schniederjans, M. J., Cao, Q., & Triche, J. H. (2013). E-commerce operations management. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Company.
27 Singer, D. R. (2020). A new pandemic out of China: The Wuhan 2019-nCoV coronavirus syndrome. Health Policy and Technology, 9(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2020.02.001   DOI
28 Bhatti, A., Akram, H., Basit, H. M., Khan, A. U., Raza, S. M., & Naqvi, M. B. (2020). E-commerce trends during COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Future Generation Communication and Networking, 13(2), 1449-1452. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342736799_E-commerce_trends_during_COVID-19_Pandemic
29 Daugherty, T., Li, H., & Biocca, F. (2005). Experiential ecommerce: A summary of research investigating the impact of virtual experience on consumer learning. In: Haugtvedt, C., Machleit, K., Yalch, R. (Eds.), Online consumer psychology: Understanding and influencing consumer behavior in the virtual world (pp. 457-489). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
30 Deventer, M., & Dye, A. B. (2018). Influence of perceived ease of use and perceived relative advantage on generation Y students' attitudes towards and usage behavior of mobile banking in South Africa. International Journal of E-Business and E-Government Studies, 10(1), 18-33. http://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.12(1-1).2017.05