Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no12.995

Employee Performance Optimization Through Transformational Leadership, Procedural Justice, and Training: The Role of Self-Efficacy  

KUSUMANINGRUM, G. (Magister Management Program, Postgraduate Studies, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta)
HARYONO, Siswoyo (Doctoral Management Program, Postgraduate Studies, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta)
HANDARI, Rr. Sri (Doctoral Management Program, Postgraduate Studies, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta)
Publication Information
The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business / v.7, no.12, 2020 , pp. 995-1004 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the effect of transformational leadership (TL), procedural justice (PJ), and training (T) on employee performance (EP) mediated by self-efficacy (SE). The object of this research is Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) M.Th. Djaman, a hospital in Sanggau Regency, while the subjects are the institution's staff. Data collection search uses purposive sampling with a total of 120 samples. Data are obtained through questionnaires distributed directly to respondents using the Google Form application. Data analysis techniques used in this study include standard error of mean (SEM) with AMOS software version 24.00. Methods use to test validity and reliability of data include Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Construct Reliability (CR) and VE. The results of the analysis show that only training has a significant effect on self-efficacy, and self-efficacy has a significant effect on employee performance. Also, self-efficacy is proven to mediate the role of training on employee performance; the other hypotheses are not significant. Training is the most prominent positive factor affecting self-efficacy and self-efficacy has a significant effect on employee performance at RSUD M.Th. Djaman. The results of this study can be used as a reference by management in determining what policy priorities should take precedence.
Keywords
Transformational Leadership; Procedural Justice; Training; Self-Efficacy; Employee Performance;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 10  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Razak, A., Sarpan, S., & Ramlan, R. (2018). Effect of Leadership Style, Motivation and Work Discipline on Employee Performance in PT. ABC Makassar. International Review of Management and Marketing, 8(6), 67-71. http://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.7167   DOI
2 Saleem, M. A., Bhutta, Z. M., Nauman, M., & Zahra, S. (2019). Enhancing performance and commitment through leadership and empowerment. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 37(1), 303-322. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-02-2018-0037   DOI
3 Schuh, S. C., Zheng, M. X., Xin, K. R., & Fernandez, J. R. (2017). The Interpersonal Benefits of Leader Mindfulness: A Serial Mediation Model Linking Leader Mindfulness, Leader Procedural Justice Enactment, and Employee Exhaustion and Performance. Journal of Business Ethics, 156(4), 1007-1025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3610-7   DOI
4 Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Model for Bussiness: A skill building approach (5th ed.). New York, NY: John Wiley and Son Ltd.
5 Singh, R., Kumar, N., & Puri, S. (2017). Thought self-leadership strategies and sales performance: integrating selling skills and adaptive selling behavior as missing links. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 32(5), 652-663. https://doi.org/10.1108/jbim-06-2016-0127   DOI
6 Stocks, G., & Slater, S. (2016). Training in positive behavioural support: increasing staff self-efficacy and positive outcome expectations. Tizard Learning Disability Review, 21(2), 95-102. https://doi.org/10.1108/tldr-04-2015-0020   DOI
7 Sumiarti, T., Frinaldi, A., & Syamsir, S. (2018). The Effect of Styles of Leadership, Compensation, and Motivation of Employees Civil Servant Performance in The General Hospital Pariaman. Paper presented at the ICSScE 2018.
8 Swalhi, A., Zgoulli, S., & Hofaidhllaoui, M. (2017). The influence of organizational justice on job performance. Journal of Management Development, 36(4), 542-559. https://doi.org/10.1108/jmd-11-2015-0162   DOI
9 Taufek, F. H. M., & Mustafa, M. (2018). The Effect of Training and Development towards Employee Performance: A Case Study in Proton Tanjung Malim. Global Business & Management Research, 10(3), 777-781.
10 Thanh, V. B., & Toan, N. V. (2018). The Relationship between Organizational Justice and Social Loafing in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 5(3), 179-183. http://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2018.vol5.no3.179   DOI
11 Thundiyil, T. G., Chiaburu, D. S., Li, N., & Wagner, D. T. (2016). Joint effects of creative self-efficacy, positive and negative affect on creative performance. Chinese Management Studies, 10(4), 726-745. https://doi.org/10.1108/cms-06-2016-0126   DOI
12 Tjahjono, H. K., Fachrunnisa, O., & Palupi, M. (2019). Configuration of organisational justice and social capital: their impact on satisfaction and commitment. International Journal of Business Excellence, 17(3), 336-360. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBEX.2019.097957   DOI
13 Top, M., & Tekingunduz, S. (2018). The Effect of Organizational Justice and Trust on Job Stress in Hospital Organizations. Department of Health Care Management, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Hacettepe University. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12419
14 Tu, Y., & Lu, X. (2014). Do Ethical Leaders Give Followers the Confidence to Go the Extra Mile? The Moderating Role of Intrinsic Motivation. Journal of Business Ethics, 135(1), 129-144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2463-6   DOI
15 Yang, C.-L., & Hwang, M. (2014). Personality traits and simultaneous reciprocal influences between job performance and job satisfaction. Chinese Management Studies, 8(1), 6-26. https://doi.org/10.1108/CMS-09-2011-0079   DOI
16 Ugbomhe, U. O., Osagie, G. N., & Egwu, E. U. (2016). Impact of Training and Development on Employee Performance in Selected Banks in Edo North Senatorial District. Nigeria. Indian Journal of Commerce & Management Studies, 7(3), 48-55.
17 Walumbwa, F. O., Lawler, J. J., et al. (2005). Transformational leadership and work-related attitudes: The moderating effects of collective and self-efficacy across cultures. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 11(3), 2-16. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F107179190501100301   DOI
18 Wang, C.-J., Tsai, H.-T., & Tsai, M. T. (2014). Linking transformational leadership and employee creativity in the hospitality industry: The influences of creative role identity, creative self-efficacy, and job complexity. Tourism Management, 40, 79-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.05.008   DOI
19 Zahra, T. T., Ahmad, H. M., & Waheed, A. (2017). Impact of Ethical Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior: Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy. Journal of Behavioural Sciences, 27(1), 93-107.
20 Zeb, A., Abdullah, N. H., Othayman, M. B., & Ali, M. (2019). The Role of LMX in Explaining Relationships between Organizational Justice and Job Performance. Journal of Competitiveness, 11, 144-160. https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2019.02.10   DOI
21 Zhang, Y., Long, L., & Zhang, J. (2015). Pay for performance and employee creativity. Management Decision, 53(7), 1378-1397. https://doi.org/10.1108/md-11-2013-0596   DOI
22 Asria, M., & Amali, H. (2018). The Influence of Job Involvement, Perceptions Of Organizational Support, And Organizational Culture On Employee Performance At The Village Community Empowerment Office Of West Sumatera Province. European Journal of Business and Management, 10(34).
23 AbuBakar, A. (2018). Spiritual leadership and employee performance: mediating role of organizational commitment in Indonesian public university. Journal English Applied Science, 13(12), 4344-4352.
24 Afsar, B., & Masood, M. (2017). Transformational Leadership, Creative Self-Efficacy, Trust in Supervisor, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Innovative Work Behavior of Nurses. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 54(1), 36-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886317711891   DOI
25 Afzal, S., Arshad, M., Saleem, S., & Farooq, O. (2019). The impact of perceived supervisor support on employees' turnover intention and task performance. Journal of Management Development, 38(5), 369-382. https://doi.org/10.1108/jmd-03-2019-0076   DOI
26 Astuty, I., & Udin, U. (2020). The Effect of Perceived Organizational Support and Transformational Leadership on Affective Commitment and Employee Performance. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(10), 401-411. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no10.401   DOI
27 Azim, M. T., Fan, L., Uddin, M. A., Jilan, M. M. A. K., & Begum, S. (2019). Linking transformational leadership with employees' engagement in the creative process. Management Research Review, 42(7), 837-858. https://doi.org/10.1108/mrr-08-2018-0286   DOI
28 Bandura A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York, NY: W.H. Freeman and Company.
29 Bandura, A. (1991). Self Efficacy Mechanism in Psychological and Health-Promoting Behavior. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
30 Bandura A., & Schunk, D. H. (1989). Cultivating competence, Self-efficacy, and intrinstic interest trough proximal self-motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 586-598. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.41.3.586   DOI
31 Banks, G. C., McCauley, K. D., et al. (2016). A meta-analytic review of authentic and transformational leadership: A test for redundancy. The Leadership Quarterly, 27(4), 634-652. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.02.006   DOI
32 Bass, B. M., & Bass, R. (2008). The Bass Handbook of Leadership: Theory, Research, and Managerial Applications. New York, NY: Free Press.
33 Bensemmane, S., Ohana, M., & Stinglhamber, F. (2018). Team justice and thriving: a dynamic approach. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 33(2), 229-242. https://doi.org/10.1108/jmp-07-2017-0223   DOI
34 Black, J., Kim, K., Rhee, S., Wang, K., & Sakchutchawan, S. (2019). Self-efficacy and emotional intelligence. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 25(1/2), 100-119. https://doi.org/10.1108/tpm-01-2018-0005   DOI
35 Brooke, J., Mohd Rasdi, R., & Samah, B. A. (2017). Modelling knowledge sharing behaviour using self-efficacy as a mediator. European Journal of Training and Development, 41(2), 144-159. https://doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-04-2016-0021   DOI
36 Dang, V. T., & Chou, Y.-C. (2019). Extrinsic motivation, workplace learning, employer trust, self-efficacy and cross-cultural adjustment. Personnel Review. https://doi.org/10.1108/pr-10-2018-0427   DOI
37 Carter, W. R., Nesbit, P. L., Badham, R. J., Parker, S. K., & Sung, L. K. (2018). The effects of employee engagement and self-efficacy on job performance: a longitudinal field study. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(17), 2483-2502. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2016.1244096   DOI
38 Chammas, C. B., & Hernandez, J. M. D. C. (2019). Comparing transformational and instrumental leadership. Innovation & Management Review, 16(2), 143-160. https://doi.org/10.1108/inmr-08-2018-0064   DOI
39 Cropanzano, R., Bowen, D. E., & Gilliland, S. W. (2007). The management of organizational justice. Academy of Management Perspectives, 21(4), 34-48.   DOI
40 Dessler, G., & Varrkey, B. (2005). Human Resource Management. Delhi, India: Pearson Education.
41 Diamantidis, A. D., & Chatzoglou, P. (2019). Factors affecting employee performance: an empirical approach. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 68(1), 171-193. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-01-2018-0012   DOI
42 Fadila, E., et al. (2018). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Motivasi Kerja, dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Perawat di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping. Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta. Retrieved from http://repository.umy.ac.id/handle/123456789/22045
43 Geier, M. T. (2016). Leadership in extreme contexts: Transformational leadership, performance beyond expectations? Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 23(3), 234-247. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1548051815627359   DOI
44 Hermina, U. N., & Yosepha, S. Y. (2019). The Model of Employee Performance. International Review of Management and Marketing, 9(3), 69-73. https://10.32479/irmm.8025   DOI
45 Haerani, S., Sumardi, Hakim, W., Hartini, & Putra, A. H. P. K. (2020). Structural Model of Developing Human Resources Performance: Empirical Study of Indonesia States Owned Enterprises. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(3), 211-221. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no3.211   DOI
46 Halawi, A., & Haydar, N. (2018). Effects of Training on Employee Performance: A Case Study of Bonjus and Khatib & Alami Companies. International Humanities Studies, 5(2), 24-45. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ali_Halawi4/publication/325420167
47 Haryono, S., Supardi, S., & Udin, U. (2020). The effect of training and job promotion on work motivation and its implications on job performance: Evidence from Indonesia. Management Science Letters, 10(9), 2107-2112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.1.019   DOI
48 Ibrahim, R., Boerhannoeddin, A., & Kayode, B. K. (2017). The effect of soft skills and training methodology on employee performance. European Journal of Training and Development, 41(4), 388-406. https://doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-08-2016-0066   DOI
49 Janati, A., Gholizadeh, M., Naseri, N., & Ahmadi, Z. (2017). The Relationship between Organizational Justice Perception and Self- efficacy in Staff of a Selected Educational Hospital: a case study. Journal of Health Based Research. Retrieved from http://hbrj.kmu.ac.ir/article-1-171-en.html
50 Kalay, F. (2016). The Impact of Organizational Justice on Employee Performance: A Survey in Turkey and Turkish Context. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v6i1.8854   DOI
51 Mittal, S., & Dhar, R. L. (2015). Transformational leadership and employee creativity. Management Decision, 53(5), 894-910. https://doi.org/10.1108/md-07-2014-0464   DOI
52 Kerr, S., Martin, C., & Fleming, M. (2018). Preventing suicide; nurse education and the occluded issue of gender. Nurse Education in Practice, 32, 58-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2018.07.004   DOI
53 Kinicki, A., & Fugate, M. (2015). Organizational Behavior: A Practical, Problem-Solving Approach. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
54 Loomba, A. P. S., & Karsten, R. (2019). Self-efficacy's role in success of quality training programmes. Industrial and Commercial Training, 51(1), 24-39. https://doi.org/10.1108/ict-06-2018-0058   DOI
55 Nadeera, & Islam, M. K. (2018). The Effects of Employee Engagement on Employee Performance in the Hotel Industry in Kelantan. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 10(3), 828-838.
56 Otoo, F. N. K., & Mishra, M. (2018). Measuring the impact of human resource development (HRD) practices on employee performance in small and medium scale enterprises. European Journal of Training and Development, 42(7/8), 517-534. https://doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-07-2017-0061   DOI
57 Paais, M., & Pattiruhu, J. R. (2020). Effect of motivation, leadership, and organizational culture on satisfaction and employee performance. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(8), 577-588. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no8.577   DOI
58 Pancasila, I., Haryono, S., & Sulistyo, B. A. (2020). Effects of work motivation and leadership toward work satisfaction and employee performance: Evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(6), 387-397. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no6.387   DOI