Browse > Article

Sedative and Analgesic Effects of Intravenous Detomidine and Tramadol on Horses  

Kim, Tae-Hoon (College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University)
Jang, Min (College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University)
Lee, Hang (College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University)
Lee, In-Hyung (College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Veterinary Clinics / v.29, no.3, 2012 , pp. 226-232 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the sedative and analgesic effects of intravenous (IV) administration of detomidine (D) and tramadol (T) to horses. Six warmblood horses each received D (10 ${\mu}g/kg$), T (2 mg/kg), and a combination of DT (10 ${\mu}g/kg$ and 2 mg/kg). No significant differences in the heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, indirect arterial pressure, and gastrointestinal motility between D and DT were observed. The sedative effect was evident within 5 min after D and DT administration, but no significant difference between D and DT was observed. D and DT induced a similar analgesic effect up to 50 min after injection and DT maintained a longer analgesic effect than D. A significant increase in blood glucose was shown for D after the injection, but not for DT. A horse with T and DT showed an excited behavior within 5 min of the injection. This study suggests that the DT combination could be used for diagnostic procedures and simple surgeries in standing horses, with caution for excitement in the early phase after the administration.
Keywords
detomidine; tramadol; sedation; analgesia; horse;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Rohrbach H, Korpivaara T, Schatzmann U, Spadavecchia C. Comparison of the effects of the alpha-2 agonists detomidine, romifidine and xylazine on nociceptive withdrawal reflex and temporal summation in horses. Vet Anaesth Analg 2009; 36: 384-395.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Sagrada A, Fargeas M, Bueno L. Involvement of alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors in the postlaparotomy intestinal motor disturbances in the rat. Gut 1987; 28: 955-959.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Scott LJ, Perry CM. Tramadol: a review of its use in perioperative pain. Drugs 2000; 60: 139-176.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Seo JP, Son WG, Gang S, Lee I. Sedative and analgesic effects of intravenous xylazine and tramadol on horses. J Vet Sci 2011; 12: 281-286.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Singh S, Young SS, McDonell WN, O'Grady M. Modification of cardiopulmonary and intestinal motility effects of xylazine with glycopyrrolate in horses. Can J Vet Res 1997; 61: 99-107.
6 Talke P, Lobo E, Brown R. Systemically administrated alpha2-agonist-induced peripheral vasoconstriction in humans. Anesthesiology 2003; 99: 65-70.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Combie J, Shults T, Nugent EC, Dougherty J, Tobin T. Pharmacology of narcotic analgesics in the horse: selective blockade of narcotic-induced locomotor activity. Am J Vet Res 1981; 42: 716-721.
8 Daunt DA. Detomidine in equine sedation and analgesia. Comp Cont Educ Pract 1995; 17: 1405-1411.
9 Daunt DA, Dunlop CI, Chapman PL, Shafer SL, Ruskoaho H, Vakkuri O, Hodqson DS, Tyler LM, Maze M. Cardiopulmonary and behavioral responses to computer-driven infusion of detomidine in standing horses. Am J Vet Res 1993; 54: 2075-2082.
10 De Leo M, Giorgi M, Saccomanni G, Manera C, Braca A. Evaluation of tramadol and its main metabolites in horse plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography/fluorescence and liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry techniques. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2009; 23: 228-236.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 DeRossi R, Jorge TP, Ossuna MR, Carneiro RPB, Alves OD, Zanenga NF. Sedation and pain management with intravenous romifidine-butorphanol in standing horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2009; 29: 75-81.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Dhanjal JK, Wilson DV, Robinson E, Tobin TT, Dirokulu L. Intravenous tramadol: effects, nociceptive properties, and pharmacokinetics in horses. Vet Anaesth Analg 2009; 36: 581-590.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 England GCW, Clarke KW. Alpha2 adrenoceptor agonists in the horse-a review. Br Vet J 1996; 152: 641-657.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Freeman SL, England GCW. Investigation of romifidine and detomidine for the clinical sedation of horses. Vet Rec 2000; 147: 507-511.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Love EJ, Taylor PM, Murrell J, Whay HR, Waterman-Pearson AE. Assessment of the sedative effects of buprenorphine administered with 10 ${\mu}g$/kg detomidine in horses. Vet Rec 2011; 168: 379-384.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Kamerling SG, Cravens WM, Bagwell CA. Objective assessment of detomidine-induced analgesia and sedation in the horse. Eur J Pharmacol 1988; 151: 1-8.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 LeBlanc PH. Chemical restraint for surgery in the standing horse. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 1991; 7: 521-533.   DOI
18 Lewis KS, Han NH. Tramadol; a new centrally acting analgesic. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1997; 54: 643-652.
19 Lowe JE, Hilfiger J. Analgesic and sedative effects of detomidine compared to xylazine in a colic model using i.v. and i.m. routes of administration. Acta Vet Scand 1986; 82: 85-95.
20 Natalini CC, Robinson EP. Evaluation of the analgesic effects of epidurally administered morphine, alfentanil, butorphanol, tramadol and U50488H in horses. Am J Vet Res 2000; 61: 1579-1586.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Nollet H, Van Ham L, Gasthuys F, Dewulf J, Vanderstraeten G, Deprez P. Influence of detomidine and buprenorphine on motor-evoked potentials in horses. Vet Rec 2003; 152: 534-537.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Owens JG, Kamerling SG, Stanton SR, Keowen ML. Evaluation of detomidine-induced analgesia in horses with chronic hoof pain. J Pharmacol Exp Therap 1996; 278: 179-184.
23 Chambers JP, Livingston A, Waterman AE, Goodship AE. Analgesic effects of detomidine in thoroughbred horses with chronic tendon injury. Res Vet Sci 1993; 54: 52-56.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Clarke KW, Taylor PM. Detomidine: a new sedative for horses. Equine Vet J 1986; 18: 366-370.   DOI   ScienceOn