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Relationship Between IFN${\gamma}$ Production, Antibody and Hormone Levels in Naturally Neospora caninum-infected Pregnant Dairy Cows  

Son, Jeong-Hoon (College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University)
Park, Bae-Keun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University)
Son, Hwa-Young (College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University)
Jung, Ju-Young (College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University)
Park, Sang-Joon (College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
Kim, Tae-Hwan (College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
Cho, Sung-Whan (College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University)
Ryu, Si-Yun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Veterinary Clinics / v.27, no.6, 2010 , pp. 640-646 More about this Journal
Abstract
Neosporosis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by Neospora caninum, an intracellular protozoan parasite. It causes economic losses due to reproductive failure. The potential relationship between pregnancy outcomes and levels of IFN${\gamma}$, hormones, and antibodies in naturally N. caninum-infected cows was examined in the blood samples collected every 2 or 4 weeks in 26 pregnant cows from 4 different farms. The mean S/P value of seropositive nonaborting animals (n = 14) reached peak levels 15 weeks prior to parturition, and declined thereafter to parturition. The S/P value 13 weeks prior to abortion in seropositive aborting cows (n=3) remained at high levels, and abortions occurred at 20 (142 days), 26 (185 days), and 28 weeks (199 days) after artificial insemination. IFN${\gamma}$ levels in the seropositive non-aborting group varied by individuals and gestational periods; IFN${\gamma}$ levels stayed at elevated levels or increased abruptly close to abortion in seropositive aborting cows. IFN${\gamma}$ level patterns in the seronegative group (n = 9) were similar to the seropositive non-aborting group, although IFN${\gamma}$ amounts were lower than the seropositive group. The mean progesterone levels in the seropositive non-aborting and seronegative groups decreased markedly 7 weeks prior to parturition. The mean progesterone levels 5 and 7 weeks prior to abortion were lower than the other groups 5 and 7 weeks prior to parturition. The mean 17${\beta}$-estradiol levels in the seropositive aborting cows increased close to abortion; the produced amounts were lower than those of seropositive non-aborting and seronegative groups close to parturition. These results suggested that lower levels of progesterone and ${\beta}$-estradiol in Neospora-infected cows may lead to increases in IFN${\gamma}$ production and in turn may result in abortion.
Keywords
Neospora caninum; dairy cow; IFN${\gamma}$; progesterone; ${\beta}$-estradiol;
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