Browse > Article

Comparative Study of Two Anesthetic Combinations (Zoletil/Midazolam and Zoletil/Xylazine) in Pigs  

Jee, Hyun-Chul (College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Transgenic Cloned Pigs, Chungnam National University)
Lee, Jae-Yeon (College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Transgenic Cloned Pigs, Chungnam National University)
Jeong, Seong-Mok (College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Transgenic Cloned Pigs, Chungnam National University)
Lee, Soo-Jin (College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Transgenic Cloned Pigs, Chungnam National University)
Park, Chang-Sik (Division of Animal Science & Resources, Research Center for Transgenic Cloned Pigs, Chungnam National University)
Kim, Myung-Cheol (College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Transgenic Cloned Pigs, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Veterinary Clinics / v.27, no.4, 2010 , pp. 330-335 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was performed to compare the anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of the tiletamine/zolazepam/xylazine (TZX) combination and tiletamine/zolazepam/midazolam (TZM) combination. Eight healthy Landrace $\times$ Yorkshire pigs were randomly assigned to two groups. Each group was composed of four pigs. The pigs in group 1 (TZX) received tiletamine/zolazepam (2 mg/kg, IM) and xylazine (2 mg/kg, IM). The pigs in group 2 (TZM) received tiletamine/zolazepam (2 mg/kg, IM) and midazolam (0.5 mg/kg, IV). Induction time, anesthesia time and standing time were recorded for each pig. The scores of anesthetic effects were subjectively evaluated every 15 minutes during anesthesia. Cardiopulmonary parameters (heart rate, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate and rectal temperature) were monitored and recorded 0, 5, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after administration of drugs. Arterial blood gases ($pH_a$, $P_aCO_2$ and $P_aO_2$) and oxygen saturation ($SO_2$) were analyzed at same times. The scores of anesthetic effects decreased in the TZX group compare with the TZM group. From 5 to 85 minutes the mean heart rate in the TZX group was significantly lower than those in the TZM group. Mean arterial blood pressure in the TZX group was significantly higher than those in the TZM group at 5, 15 and 30 minutes. Both drug combinations provided a smooth induction and good immobilization. Scores of anesthetic effects in the TZM group were better than those in the TZX group. The effects to the cardiorespiratory function and temperature were lesser in the TZM group than those in the TZX group. In conclusion, when the two drug combinations were compared, the TZM group showed better anesthetic effects and less cardiorespiratory effects.
Keywords
anesthesia; midazolam; pig; xylazine; zoletil;
Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By SCOPUS : 0
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Selmi AL, Mendes GM, Figueiredo JP, Guimares FB, Selmi RB, Bernal EM, McMannus C, Pauldo GR. Chemical restraint of peccaries with tiletamine/zolazepam and xylazine or tiletamine/zolazepam and butorphanol. Vet Anaesth Analg 2003; 30: 24-29.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Smith AC, Zellner JL, Spinale FG, Swindle MM. Sedative and cardiovascular effects of midazolam in swine. Lab Anim Sci 1991; 41: 157-161.
3 Thurmon JC, Benson GJ, Tranquilli WJ. The anesthetic and analgesic effects of telazol and xylazine in pigs. Evaluating clinical trials. Vet med 1988; 83: 841.
4 Yate S. Clinical use of xylazine. A new drug for old problems. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 1973; 68: 483-486.
5 Ludders JW, Matthews N. Swine. In: Veterinary anesthesia, 3rd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 1996: 627-644.
6 Reves JG, Fragen RJ, Vinik HR. Greenblatt DJ. Midazolam: Pharmacology and uses. Anesthesiol 1985; 62: 310-324.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Lemke KA. Anticholinergics and sedatives. In: Veterinary anesthesia and analgesia, 4th ed. Iowa: Blackwell publishing. 2007: 212-216.
8 Ko JC, Williams BL, McGrath CJ, Short CE, Rogers ER. Comparison of anesthetic effects of Telazol-xylazine-xylazine, Telazol-xylazine-butorphanol, and Telazol-xylazine-azaperone combinations in swine. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci 1996; 35: 71-74.
9 Klide AM, Calderwood HW, Soma LR. Cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine in dogs. Am J Vet Res 1975; 36: 931-935.
10 Lin HC. Dissociative anesthetics. In: Veterinary anesthesia, 3rd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 1996: 241-296.
11 Dubois WR, Prado TM, Ko JC. Mandsager RE, Morgan GL. A comparison of two intramuscular doses of xylazineketamine combination and tolazoline reversal in llamas. Vet Anaesth Analg 2004; 31: 90-96.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Haskins SC, Peiffer RL, Jr, Stowe CM. A clinical comparison of CT1341, ketamine, and xylazine in cats. Am J Vet Res 1975; 36: 1537-1543.
13 Henrikson H, Jensen-Waern M, Nyman G. Anaesthetics for general anaesthesia in growing pigs. Acta Vet Scand 1995; 36: 401-411.
14 Bustamante R, Valverde A. Determination of a sedative dose and influence of droperidol and midazolam on cardiovascular function in pigs. Can J Vet Res 1997; 61: 246-250.
15 Ko JC, Williams BL, Rogers ER, Pablo LS, McCaine WC, McGrath CJ. Increasing xylazine dose-enhanced anesthetic properties of telazol-xylazine combination in swine. Lab Anim Sci 1995; 45: 290-294.