Safety Evaluation of Epimedium koreanum Water Extract in Sprague-Dawley Rats |
Kim, Joo-Wan
(Department of Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
Lim, Mee-Kyung (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Kyungpook National University) Kim, Hong-Tae (Busan Metropolitan City Institute of health & Environment) Ku, Sae-Kwang (Department of Anatomy and histology, College of Daegu Haany University) Chang, Hey-Sook (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University) Oh, Tae-Ho (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University) Lee, Keun-woo (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University) |
1 | Xiao Q, Chen A, Guo F. Effects of Icariin on expression of OPN mRNA and type I collagen in rat osteoblasts in vitro. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci 2005; 25: 690-692. DOI ScienceOn |
2 | Palmeiro NM, Almeida CE, Ghedini PC, Goulart LS, Pereira MC, Huber S. da Silva JE, Lopes S. Oral subchronic toxicity of aqueous crude extract of Plantago australis leaves. J ethnopharmacol 2003; 88: 15-18 DOI ScienceOn |
3 | Cohe BJ, de Vries MJ. Giant cells in rat testes after accidental and experimental thermal injury. Pathol Eur 1969; 4: 336-344. |
4 | Dou J, Liu Z, Liu S. Structure identification of a prenyl-flavonol glycoside from Epimedium Koreanum by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Sci 2006; 22: 449-452. DOI ScienceOn |
5 | Foley WA, Jones DC, Osborn GK, Kimeldorf DJ. A renal lesion associated with diuresis in the aging Sprague-Dawley rat. Lab Invest 1964; 13: 439-450. |
6 | El Hilaly J, Israili ZH, Lyoussi B. Acute and chronic toxicological studies of Ajuga iva in experimental animals. J Enthnopharmacol 2004; 91: 43-50. DOI ScienceOn |
7 | Ichihara G, Asaeda N, Kumazawa T, Tagawa Y, Kamijima M, Yu X, Konda H, Nakajima T, Kitoh J,Yu IJ, Moon YH, Hisanaga N, Takeuchi Y. Testicular toxicity of 2-bro-mopropane. J Occup Health 1996; 38: 205-206. DOI ScienceOn |
8 | Jones TC, Popp JA, Mohr U. Monographs on pathology of laboratory animals: digestive system. New York: Springer-Verlag Telos. 1997: 379-384 |
9 | Kim HK, Lee HW, Hwang SW, Ko BS. Isolation and Quantitative analysis of icariin from Epimedium herba. Kor J parmacogn 2001; 32: 43-48. |
10 | Kim SJ and Oh DH. Free radical scavenging effect and extraction condition of ethanol extracts of Epimedium koreanum nakai containing different icariin quantity. J fd hyg safety 2007; 22: 359-364 과학기술학회마을 |
11 | Sha M, Cao A, Yang S. Determination of chlorogenic acid in Epimedium Koreanum nakai by HPLC. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1996; 21: 108-109, 128 |
12 | Anver MR, Cohen BJ. Lesions associated with aging. In: The laboatory rat. I. biology and Diseases (Baker HJ, Lindsey JR, Weisbroth SH, eds). 1979: 377-399. New York: academic press. |
13 | Berg BN. Longevity studies in rat. II. Pathology of ageing. In: Pathology of Laboratory rat and mice (Cotchin E, Roe FJC, eds). Blackwell scientific publications, oxford and Edinburgh 1967: 749-786. |
14 | Zhang ZB, Yang QT. The testosterone mimetic properties of icariin. Asain J Androl 2006; 8: 601-605. DOI ScienceOn |
15 | Ree JW, Seong SK, Lee SH, Kim YS, Leem MJ, Oh SJ, Ryu JM, Ku SK. Single oral dose toxicity test of water extracts of Mori radicis cortex in ICR mice. Lab Anim Res 2006; 22: 355-360. |
16 | Robb GW, Amann RP, Killian GJ. Daily sperm production and epididymal sperm reserves of pubertal and adult rats. J Reprod Fetil 1978; 54: 103-107. DOI |
17 | Seong SK, Kim DY, Rhee JW, Leem MJ, Rho YK, Lee HY, Ryu JM, Ku SK. Single oral dose toxicity test of water extracts of Puerariae Radix in ICR mice. J Toxicol Pub Health 2006; 22: 431-438. 과학기술학회마을 |
18 | Sha M, Cao A, Yang S. Determination of hyperin in Epimedium Koreanum Nakai by HPLC. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1995; 20: 357-358, 384 |
19 | Sha M, Cao A, Yang S, Xue Y. Determination of icariin in Epimedium Koreaum nakai by high performance liquid chromatography. Se pu 1997; 15: 166-167. |
20 | Shin KH, Kang SS, Chung SG, Cho EH. Determination of icariin in Epimedii herba by high performance liquid chromatography. Kor J Pharmacogn 1989; 20: 21-24. |
21 | Yamada T, Inoue T, Sato A, Yamagishi K, Sato M. Effects of short-term administration of alph-chlorohydrin on reproductive toxicity parameters in male Sprague-Dawley rats. J Toxicol Sci 1995; 20: 195-205. DOI ScienceOn |
22 | Sun PY, Chen YJ, Wen Y, Pei YP, Liu ZH, Yao XS, Takeda T, Ogihara Y. Structure determination of Korepimedoside A and Korepime-doside B from Epimedium Koreanum nakai. Yao Xue Xue Bao 1996; 31: 602-606. |
23 | Teo S, Stirling D, Thomas S, Hoberman A, Kiorpes A, Khetani V. A 90-day oral gavage toxicity study of D-methylphenidate and D,L-methylphenidate in Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicology 2002; 179: 183-196 DOI ScienceOn |
24 | Hung X, Zhu D, Lou Y. A novel anticancer agent, icaritin, induced cell growth inhibition, G1 arrest and mitochondrial transmembrane potential drop in human prostate carcinoma PC-3 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 564: 26-36 DOI |
25 | Kim SY, Kim JH, Kim SK. Isolation and characterization of antioxidant components in Epimedium Koreanum Nakai extract. Korean J Food Sci Technol 1992; 24: 535-540 |
26 | Lee YH, Son MK, Jung YM, Kim TK, Park DC, Kim PS, Ku SK. Single toxicity studies of PGB-2, a novel polygluco-samine polymer produced from Citrobacter sp. BL-4 in mice. J Toxicol Pub Health 2007; 23: 65-72. 과학기술학회마을 |
27 |
Lee JH, Yang KJ, Shin HD, Park BR, Son CW, Jang HJ, Park DC, Lee HS, Ku SK. Single subcutaneous dose toxicity of , a |
28 | Lee JW, Do JH, Lee SK. Antioxidant activity of the aerial part of Epimedium Koranum Naki. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 2000; 29: 732-736. |
29 | Lee YG, Sohn HO, Lee DW, Lim HB. The effect of waterextract of Epimedium Koreanum nakai on age-related changes of the xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme system in the liver of rats. Korean J Medicinal crop Sci. 2002; 10: 29-36. 과학기술학회마을 |
30 | Liu WJ, Xin ZC, Xin H, Yuan YM, Tian L, Guo YL. Effects of icariin on erectile function and expression of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in castrated rats. Asian J Androl 2005; 7: 381-388. DOI ScienceOn |
31 | Liu ZQ. Icariin: a special antioxidant to protect linoleic acid against free radiacal-induced peroxidation in micelles. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110: 6372-6378. DOI ScienceOn |
32 | Mao H, Zhang L, Wang Y, Li X. Experimental studies of icariin on anticancer mechanism. Zhong Yao Cai 2000; 23: 554-556. |
33 | Pachaly P, Schonherr-WeiSSbarth C, Sin KS. New prenyl-flavonoid glycosides from Epimedium Koreanum. Planta Med 1990; 56: 277-280. DOI |
34 | Pan Y, Kong L, Xia X, Zhang W, Xia Z, Jiang F. Antidepressant-like effect of icariin and its possible mechanism in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2005; 82: 686-694. DOI ScienceOn |
35 | Pang Y, Zhang WY, Xia X, Kong LD. Effects of icariin on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis action and cytokine levels in stressed Sprague-Dawley rats. Bio Pharm Bull 2006; 29: 2399-2403. DOI ScienceOn |
36 | Blazak WF, Treinen KA, Junievicz PE. Application of testicular sperm head counts in the assessment of male reproductive toxicity. In: Chapin RE, Heindel JJ, ed. Methods in toxicology: male reproductive toxicology. San Diego: Academic press. 1993: 86-94. |
37 | Bras G, Ross MH. Kidney diseases and nutrition in the rat. Toxcol Appl Pharmacol 1964; 6: 247-262. DOI ScienceOn |
38 | Chen KM, Ge BF, Ma HP, Liu XY, Bai MH, Wang Y. Icariin, a flavonoid from the herb Epimedium enhances the osteogenic differentiation of rat primary bone marrow stromal cells. Pharmazie 2005; 60: 939-942. |
39 | Chen C, Sha M, Yang S, Zhan L. Quantitative study of magnoflorine in Epimedium Koreanum nakai. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1996; 21: 681-682, 704. |