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Effects of Hemorrhage on the Electroencephalograms in Dogs Anesthetized with Ketamine, Propofol and Isoflurane  

Yoon, In-Sub (Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
Jang, Hwan-Soo (Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
Lim, Jae-Hyun (Dog Plus Animal Hospital)
Kwon, Young-Sam (Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
Jang, Kwang-Ho (Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Veterinary Clinics / v.26, no.6, 2009 , pp. 539-546 More about this Journal
Abstract
The effect of hemorrhage on the electroencephalogram(EEG) was investigated in fifteen mixed-breed dogs anesthetized with ketamine, propofol and isoflurane. Animals were randomly allocated to three groups (n = 5) by anesthetic agents; group 1 (ketamine 5 mg/kg, IV), group 2 (propofol $156\;{\mu}g$/kg/min, IV) and group 3 (isoflurane 2.0% end-tidal concentration). Medetomidine ($40\;{\mu}g$/kg, IM) was used in all dogs as a preanesthetic agent. Recording electrode for EEG was positioned at CZ. EEG, heart rate, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, $pCO_2$, $pO_2$ and blood pH were measured before anesthesia, after anesthesia and after every bleedings. Three bleedings were accomplished by drawing blood through the femoral artery catheter at a rate of 7 ml/kg (10% of total blood volume) for 10 minutes. In the course of hemorrhage, a systolic/diastolic pressure continuously decreased in all groups. The $pCO_2$ values and heart rates were increased in all groups. The $pO_2$ values were most significantly increased in group 1 compared with those in other groups. The pH values were not significantly changed. On statistical analysis of EEG, there was no significant changes in group 1 and 3. But in group 2, band 3, 4 and 7 were significantly altered after 2nd and 3rd bleeding. Power alterations of band 3, 4 and 7 were thought to be related with hemorrhage over 20% of total blood volume in group 2. In conclusion, the regulation of infusion rate would be considered when a dog, anesthetized with propofol, bleed over 20% of total blood volume.
Keywords
hemorrhage; electroencephalogram; ketamine; propofol; isoflurane; dogs;
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