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Effect of Glycopyrrolate on Cardiovascular System in Dogs Sedated with Medetomidine-Midazolam Combination  

Han, Dae-Kyung (College of Veterinary Medicine.Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Shin, Beom-Jun (College of Veterinary Medicine.Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Lee, Jae-Yeon (College of Veterinary Medicine.Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Jee, Hyun-Chul (College of Veterinary Medicine.Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Park, Ji-Young (College of Veterinary Medicine.Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Kim, Myung-Cheol (College of Veterinary Medicine.Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Jeong, Seong-Mok (College of Veterinary Medicine.Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Veterinary Clinics / v.26, no.4, 2009 , pp. 317-323 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the effect of intravenous administration of glycopyrrolate on cardiovascular and respiratory system in dogs given intravenous medetomidine (20 ${\mu}g$/kg) and intramuscular midazolam (0.3 mg/kg) (MM). Prior to administration of MM, glycopyrrolate was administered intravenously at doses of 5 ${\mu}g$/kg (Gly-5), 10 ${\mu}g$/kg (Gly-10) or 20 ${\mu}g$/kg (Gly-20), respectively. For the control group saline was administered intravenously. In the cardiovascular system, HR, BP, RAP, PAWP, CI, SI, SVR, and PVR were measured. RR, $V_T$, $P_{ETCO2}$, and arterial blood gas analysis were measured for respiratory system. Although rapid and satisfied depth of sedation was obtained by MM, life-threatening bradycardia, the outstanding side-effect on cardiovascular system in dogs were observed. This combination also decreased CO and increased SVR, RAP, and PAWP significantly. The bradycardia could be prevented in all the glycopyrrolate treated groups, but tachycardia was observed in Gly-10 and Gly-20 groups. Significant increases in blood pressure were shown in glycopyrrolate treated groups. Also, tachycardia depends on dose of glycopyrrolate, compensating the CO. However, these were not fully reserved. In conclusion, MM combination could induce rapid and satisfied depth of sedation but was not the suitable method for the deep sedation of dogs with cardiovascular or circulatory problems.
Keywords
medetomidine; midazolam; glycopyrrolate; cardiovascular; dog;
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