Browse > Article

Therapeutic Effect of Injection-Acupuncture with Bee-Venom (Apitoxin) in Cases of Canine Otitis Externa  

Kim, Sang-Hun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Jun, Hyung-Kyou (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Kim, Suk (College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University)
You, Myung-Jo (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University)
Jun, Moo-Hyung (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Kim, Duck-Hwan (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Veterinary Clinics / v.25, no.3, 2008 , pp. 159-164 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the therapeutic effect of injection-acupuncture (AP) with bee-venom (apitoxin) in cases of canine otitis externa (COE). Fifteen dogs with naturally-acquired otitis externa were used in this study. The dogs were divided into the following antibiotics group (control group), apitoxin group (experimental group A) and apitoxin combined with antibiotics group (experimental group B). All groups were treated by ear cleaning with normal saline once on day 1. The control group was treated with susceptible antibiotics, and experimental group A was given injection-AP with apitoxin $(100{\mu}g/head)$ at TH17 (Yi Feng), SI19 (Ting Gong), GB03 (Shang Guan) and TH03 (Zhong Zhu) bilaterally. Experimental group B was treated with susceptible antibiotics and injection-AP with apitoxin at the same acupoints as experimental group A. All the groups were treated 3 times/week for 2 weeks. The identity of the causative agents, the changes in the clinical signs, otoscopic findings, bacterial count in the auricular discharges, and total WBC counts and neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio in the peripheral blood were investigated in all groups. In bacterial isolation, Staphylococcus spp. combined with Streptococcus spp. was detected higher than other agents. The bacterial cell count in experimental group A was significantly decreased at 2 weeks (p<0.01), and those in experimental group B was significantly decreased at 1 week (p<0.01) and 2 weeks (p<0.01) compared by those of control group, respectively. The changes of clinical score in experimental group B were significantly decreased at 2 weeks (p<0.01) compared by those of control group, but, those of experimental group A was similar to those of control group. The changes of total WBC counts and neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio were no significant difference found. In conclusion, injection-AP with apitoxin is an effective treatment for COE and might be an alternative method for treating COE.
Keywords
apitoxin; canine; injection-acupuncture; otitis externa;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 6  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 0
연도 인용수 순위
1 Choi SH, Cho SK, Cui XH, Kang SS, Pak SC. Therapeutic effect of bee venom in calves with bacterial diarrhea. J Vet Clin 2000; 17: 57-61
2 Gotthelf LN. Small animal ear diseases: an illustrated guide. WB Saunders Corp, Philadelphia 2000: 45-112
3 Kim DH, Liu J, Lee YW, Song KH, Kang SK, Choi HJ, Seo KM, Choi SH, Nam TC, Rogers P. Treatment of canine cervical and lumbar disc disease by injectionacupuncture. J Vet Clin 2006; 23: 65-68   과학기술학회마을
4 Muller E, Heusinger A. Microbiological results of ear swabs from dogs and cats. Tierarztl Prax 1994; 22: 80-84
5 Billingham ME, Morley J, Hanson JM, Shipolini RA, Vernon CA. An anti-inflammatory peptide from bee venom. Nature 1973; 245: 163-164   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Choi SH, Kang SS, Cui XH, Pak SC, Joeng SI, Cho SK. Therapeutic effects of natural bee venom in sows with mastitis, metritis and agalactia syndrome. J Vet Clin 1999; 16: 397-403   과학기술학회마을
7 Danny W, William H, Craig EG. Disease of otitis externa. In: Muller and Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology, WB Saunders Corp, Philadelphia 1995: 927-943
8 Hanson JM, Morley J, Soria-Herrera C. Anti-inflammatory property of 401 (MCD-peptide), a peptide from the venom of the bee. Apis Mellifera Br J Phamacol 1974; 50: 383-392   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Hariharan H, Coles M, Poole D, Lund L, Page R. Update on antimicrobial susceptibilities of bacterial isolates from canine and feline otitis externa. Can Vet J 2006; 47: 253-255
10 Kim MH. The main component of bee venom. In: Bee Venom Therapy and Bee Acupuncture Therapy, Korean Education and Planning Co, Seoul 1992: 67-132
11 Rick L, Ronald D, James H. The external Ear Canal. In: Diagnostic Cytology and Hematology of the Dog and Cat, Mosby Inc, St Louis 1999: 83-87
12 Kiss G, Radvanyi S, Szigeti G. New combination for the therapy of canine otitis externa. I. Microbiology of otitis externa. J Small Anim Pract 1997; 38: 51-56   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Kovurova KL, Michailova SG, Shkenderov SV. Further investigation on the anti-inflammatory properties of adolapin-bee venom polypeptide. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Bulg 1985: 11: 50-55
14 Lee JD, Kim SY, Kim TW, Lee SH, Yang HI, Lee DI, Lee YH. Anti-inflammatory effects of bee venom on type EE collagen induced arthritis. Am J Chin Med 2004; 32: 361-367   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Lilenbaum W, Veras M, Blum E, Souza GN. Antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococci isolated from otitis externa in dogs. Lett Appl Microbiol 2000; 31: 42-45   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Chon SK, Park YJ, Kim HE, Kim NS. Prevalence of Malassezia pachydermatis in canine otitis externa in Chonbuk. J Vet Clin 2006; 23: 1-5   과학기술학회마을
17 Nakano Y, Matsuo S, Tani H, Sasai K, Baba E. Therapeutic effects of beta-thujaplicin eardrops on canine Malassezia-related otitis externa. J Vet Med Sci 2006; 68: 373-374   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Yeo SW, Seo JC, Choi YH, Jang KJ. Induction of the growth inhibition and apoptosis by bee-venom in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells. J Kor Acu Mox Soc 2003; 20: 45-62
19 Yoon YH, Liu J, Kim KW, Kim YS, Kim JY, Jang SH, Nam HJ, Song KH, Kim MC, Kim DH. The anti-emetic effect of needling acupuncture, aquapuncture and moxibustion at BL-20 and LIV-13 on the xylazine induced emesis in dogs. Kor J Vet Res 2005; 45: 297-302
20 Lee SG. The result of surgical treatment of chronic otitis externa in dog. J Vet Clin 1997; 14: 99-102
21 Kim DH, Liu J, MacManus P, Jennings P, Darcy K, Burke F, Slattery G, Rogers P. Injection-acupuncture with dexamethasone and modified moxibustion treatment of a downer cow. J Vet Clin 2006; 23: 69-71   과학기술학회마을
22 Kim DS, Liu J, Lee JY, Kim MC, Shin ST, Kim DH. The anti-emetic effect acupuncture and aqua-acupuncture at PC-6 and BL-21 on the emesis by xylazine in dogs. Kor J Vet Res 2005; 45: 399-403
23 Kwon YB, Lee HJ, Han HJ, Mar WC, Kang SK, Yoon OB, Beitz JH. The water-soluble fraction of bee venom produces antinoceptive and anti-inflammatory effects on rheumatoid arthritis in rats. Life Sci 2002; 71: 191-204   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Cole LK, Kwochka KW, Kowalski JJ, Hillier A, Hoshaw-Woodard SL. Evaluation of an ear cleanser for the treatment of infectious otitis externa in dogs. Vet Ther 2003; 4: 12-23
25 Reme CA, Pin D, Collinot C, Cadiergues MC, Joyce JA, Fontaine J. The efficacy of an antiseptic and microbial anti-adhesive ear cleanser in dogs with otitis externa. Vet Ther 2006; 7: 15-26
26 Rosser EJ. Causes of otitis externa. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2004; 34: 459-468   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Vick JA, Shipmann WH. Effects of whole bee venom and its fractions (apamin and melittin) on plasma cortisol levels in the dog. Toxicon 1972; 10: 377-380   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Chang YH, Bliven ML. Anti-arthritic effect of bee venom. Agents Actions 1979; 9: 205-211   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Guedeja-Marron J, Blanco JL, Ruperez C, Garcia ME. Susceptibility of bacterial isolates from chronic canine otitis externa to twenty antibiotics. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B 1998; 45: 507-512
30 Kim DH, Liu J, Choi SH, Macmanus P, Jennings P, Darcy K, Burke F, Leorald N, Rogers P. Acupuncture treatment in a case with equine laminitis. Vet Clin 2006; 23: 6-8   과학기술학회마을
31 Kanno I, Ito Y, Okuyama S. Radioprotection by bee venom. Nippon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi 1970; 29: 1494-1500
32 Hong MS, Lee JY, Lee B, Lee SE, Seo JM, Song KH, Kim DH, Cho KW, Kim MC. The effect of laserpuncture and aquapuncture with methionine on the recovery in artificially induced hepatic damaged rats. J Vet Clin 2002; 19: 125-131
33 Craig EG. Infectious disease of the dog and cat. In: Otitis Externa, WB Saunders Corp, Philadelphia 1998: 549-554
34 Morris DO. Medical therapy of otitis externa and otitis media. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Prac 2004; 34: 541-555   DOI   ScienceOn
35 Shkenderov S, Kovurova K. Adolapin-a newly isolated analgesic and anti-inflammatory polypeptide from bee venom. Toxicon 1982; 20: 317-321   DOI   ScienceOn