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http://dx.doi.org/10.22807/KJMP.2022.35.1.51

Change in Mineralogical Characteristics of the Laminated Diatomaceous Siliceous Mudstone by the Treatment of Consolidants  

Do, Jin Young (Department Cultural Assets, Gyeongju University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology / v.35, no.1, 2022 , pp. 51-64 More about this Journal
Abstract
For effective preservation of the rocks, which bearing plant fossils at Gumkwangdong Formation, Pohang, the properties of rock and treatment of chemicals were examined in an artificial weathering test. The rocks are diatomaceous siliceous mudstone, which contain a small amount of smectite and has developed laminated layers. The rocks react with water, the d001 spacing of smectite was increased. On the one hand, the physical properties of the rock samples, such as surface hardness, improved after the application of ethyl silicate-based stone strengthener. On the other hand, the spacing of interlayer of swelling clay minerals decreased and spacing of laminae layer increased. When the ethyl silicate-based stone strengthener was applied after pretreatment with a swelling inhibitor, interlayer and spacing of laminae changes were similar to those when only the stone strengthener was treated. The effect of the swelling inhibitor was almost negligible. When the rocks that have been conserved with chemicals react with water, spacing of laminae has widened much, whereas when the rocks was in contact with moisture only, there was little change. In addition, if it is placed in the outdoor after conservation treatment, although it occurs slightly slower than the untreated rock, the separation of the lamination layer and the pulverization of the rock occur within a very short time. Consolidation is required to improve the physical properties of fossil rock, but when exposed to rain and undergoing freeze-thaw process, the effect is lost very quickly. Therefore, regardless of the chemical treatment, it is a priority to prevent direct rainfall contact with the rock.
Keywords
Diatomaceous siliceous mudstone; Lamination; Fossil site; Swelling clay mineral; Consolidant; Swelling inhibitor;
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