Semi-quantitative Analysis of Manganese Oxide Mineral in Manganese Nodule From the East Siberian Sea |
Yu, Hye Jin
(Department of Geology and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University)
Shin, Eun Ju (Department of Geology and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University) Koo, Hyo Jin (Department of Geology and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University) Cho, Hyen Goo (Department of Geology and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University) |
1 | Bau, M., Koschinsky, A., Dulski, P. and Hein, J. R., 1996, Comparison of the partitioning behaviours of yttrium, rare earth elements, and titanium between hydrogenetic marine ferromanganese crusts and seawater. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 60, 1709-1725. DOI |
2 | Benites, M., Millo, C., Hein, J., Nath, B.N., Murton, B., Galante, D. and Jovane, L., 2018, Integrated Geochemical and morphological data provide insights into the genesis of ferromanganese nodules. Minerals, 8, 488. DOI |
3 | Biscaye, P.E., 1965, Mineralogy and sedimentation of recent deep-sea clay in the Antlantic Occeqan and adjacent seas and oceans. Geological Society of American Bulletin, 76, 803-832. DOI |
4 | Bonatti, E., Kraemer, T. and Rydell, H., 1972, Classification and genesis of submarine iron-manganese deposits. In Ferromanganese Deposits on the Ocean Floor (Ed. Horn, D.R.), NSF, Washington D.C., 149-166. |
5 | Choi, H.S., Chang, S.-W. and Lee, S.-R., 2000, Correlation between mineralogical and chemical compositions of the microtextures in manganese nodules. Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea, 13, 205-220 (In Korean with English abstract). |
6 | Giovanoil, R., 1985, A review of the todorokite-buserite problem: implications to mineralogy of marine manganese nodules: discussion. American Mineralogist, 70, 202-204. |
7 | Halbach, P., and Puteanus, D., 1988, Geochemical trends of different genetic types of nodules and crusts. In The manganese nodule belt of the Pacific Ocean: Geological environment, nodule formation, and mining aspects (eds. Halbach, P., Friedrich, G. and von Stackelberg, U.), Ferdinand Enke Verlag, Stuttgart, 61-69. |
8 | Hein, J.R., Mizell, K., Koschinsky, A. and Conrad, T.A., 2013, Deep-ocean mineral deposits as a source of critical metals for high- and green-technology applications: comparison with land-based resources. Ore Geology Reviews, 51, 1-14. DOI |
9 | Hein, J.R., Spinardi, F., Okamoto, N., Mizell, K., Thorburn, D. and Tawake, A., 2015, Critical metals in manganese nodules from the Cook Islands EEZ, abundances and distributions. Ore Geology Reviews, 68, 97-116. DOI |
10 | Hein, J.R., Koschinsky, A. and Kuhn, T., 2020, Deep-ocean polymetallic nodules as a resource for critical materials. Nature Reviews Earth and Environment, 1, 158-169. DOI |
11 | IMA (International Mineralogical Association), 2020, The new IMA list of minerals - A work in progress - updated: September 2020. 222p. |
12 | Ingri, J., 1985, Geochemistry of ferromanganese concretions in the Barents Sea. Marine Geology, 67, 101-119. DOI |
13 | Kim, C.-M., Jeong, J.O., Gu, D. and Han, R., 2017, Identification of materials in principal slip zones of faults by X-ray diffraction analysis using a small amount of sample. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 53, 873-883. DOI |
14 | Kolesnik, O.N. and Kolesnik, A.N., 2013, Specific chemical and mineral composition of ferromanganese nodules from the Chukchi Sea. Russian Geology and Geophysics, 54, 653-663. DOI |
15 | Koo, H.J., Cho, H.G., Yoo, C.M. and Jin, Y.K., 2017, Characteristics of manganese nodule from the East Siberian Sea. Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea, 30, 219-227 (In Korean with English abstract). DOI |
16 | Kuhn, T., Bostick, B.C., Koschinsky, A., Halbach, P. and Fendorf, S., 2003, Enrichment of Mo in hydrothermal Mn precipitates: possible Mo sources, formation process and phase associations. Chemical Geology, 199, 29-43. DOI |
17 | Kuhn, T., Wegorzewski, A., Ruhlemann, C., and Vink, A., 2017, Composition, formation, and occurrence of polymetallic nodules. In deep-sea mining (ed. Sharma, R.), Springer, Cham, 23-63. |
18 | Pal'chik, N.A., Grigor'eva, T.N., and Moroz, T.N., 2013, Natural and synthetic manganese minerals. Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 58, 138-143. DOI |
19 | Lee, C.H., Lee, S.R. and Chang, S.W., 1996, Internal texture, geochemistry and mineralogy of manganese nodules from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zones, Pacific. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 32, 187-198 (In Korean with English abstract). |
20 | Murton, B.J., 2001, A global review of non-living resources on the extended continental shelf. Brazilian Journal of Geophysics, 18, 281-306. |
21 | Sorem, R.K. and Fewkes, R.H., 1979, Manganese nodules, research data and methods of investigation. Plenum, New York, 732p. |
22 | Szamalek, K., Uscinowicz, S. and Zglinicki, Karol., 2018, Rare earth elements in Fe-Mn nodules from the southern Baltic Sea - A preliminary study. Biuletyn Panstwowego Instytutu Geologicznego, 472, 199-212. DOI |
23 | Vereshchagin, O.S., Perova, E.N., Brusnitsyn, A.I., Ershova, V.B., Khudoley, A.K., Shilovskikh, V.V. and Molchanov, E.V., 2019, Ferro-manganese nodules from the Kara Sea: Mineralogy, geochemistry and genesis. Ore Geology Reviews, 106, 192-204. DOI |
24 | Wegorzewski, A.V. and Kuhn, T., 2014, The influence of suboxic diagenesis on the formation of manganese nodules in the Clarion Clipperton nodule belt of the Pacific Ocean. Marine Geology, 357, 123-138. DOI |
25 | Baturin, G.N., 2018, Distribution of elements in ferromanganese nodules in seas and lakes. Lithology and Mineral Resources, 54, 362-373. DOI |
26 | Wegorzewski, A.V., Kuhn, T., Dohrmann, R., Wirth, R. and Grangeon, S., 2015, Mineralogical characterization of individual growth structures of Mn-nodules with different Ni+Cu content from the central Pacific Ocean. American Mineralogist, 100, 2497-2508. DOI |
27 | Baturin, G.N. and Dubinchuk, V. T., 2011, The composition of ferromanganese nodules of the Chukchi and East Siberian Seas. Doklady Akademii Nauk, 440, 93-99. |
28 | Baturin, G.N., Dubinchuk, V.T. and Novigatsky, A.N., 2016, Phase distribution of elements in ferromanganese nodules of the Kara Sea. Doklady Akademii Nauk, 471, 334-339. |