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http://dx.doi.org/10.22807/KJMP.2020.33.2.115

Occurrence and Chemical Composition of W-Bearing Rutile from the Unsan Au Deposit  

Yoo, Bong Chul (Convergence Research Center for Development of Mineral Resources, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology / v.33, no.2, 2020 , pp. 115-127 More about this Journal
Abstract
The Unsang gold deposit has been one of the three largest deposits (Daeyudong and Kwangyang) in Korea. The deposit consists of Au-bearing quartz veins filling fractures along fault zones in Precambrian metasedimentary rock and Jurassic Porphyritic granite, which suggests that it might be an orogenic-type. Based on its mineral assemblages and quartz textures, quartz veins are classified into 1)galena-quartz, 2)pyrrhotite-quartz, 3)pyrite-quartz, 4)pegmatic quartz, 5)muscovite-quartz, and 6)simple quartz vein types. The pyrite-quartz vein type we studied shows the following alteration features: sericitization, chloritization, and silicification. The quartz vein contains minerals including white quartz, white mica, chlorite, pyrite, rutile, calcite, monazite, zircon, and apatite. Rutile with euhedral or medium aggregate occur at mafic part from laminated quartz vein. Two types of rutile are distinguishable in BSE image, light rutile is texturally later than dark rutile. Chemical composition of rutile has 89.69~98.71 wt.% (TiO2), 0.25~7.04 wt.% (WO3), 0.30~2.56 wt.% (FeO), 0.00~1.71 wt.% (Nb2O5), 0.17~0.35 wt.% (HfO2), 0.00~0.30 wt.% (V2O3), 0.00~0.35 wt.% (Cr2O3) and 0.04~0.25 wt.% (Al2O3), and light rutile are higher WO3, Nb2O5 and FeO compared to the dark rutile. It indicates that dark rutile and light rutile were formed at different stage. The substitution mechanisms of dark rutile and light rutile are suggested as followed : dark rutile [(V3+, Cr3+) + (Nb5+, Sb5+) ↔ 2Ti4+, 4Cr3+ (or 2W6+) ↔ 3Ti4+ (W6+ ↔ 2Cr3+), V4+ ↔ Ti4+], light rutile [2Fe3+ + W6+ ↔ 3Ti4+, 3Fe2+ + W6+ ↔ Ti4+ + (V3+, Al3+, Cr3+) +Nb5+], respectively. While the dark rutile was formed by cations including V3+, V4+, Cr3+, Nb5+, Sb5+ and W6+ by regional metamorphism of hostrock, the postdating light rutile was formed by redistribution of cations from predating dark rutile and addition of Fe2+ and W6+ from Au-bearing hydrothermal fluid during ductile shear.
Keywords
Unsan Au deposit; Orogenic Au deposit; Rutile; Occurrence; Chemical composition;
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