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http://dx.doi.org/10.17820/eri.2021.8.4.281

Effect of Chronic Toxicity by Waste Microplastics (PET) on Daphnia magna  

Han, Bomi (Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Park, GeonU (Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Yoo, Seungwoo (Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Kim, Changhae (Department of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Jung, Jinho (Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Na, Joorim (O-jeong-Eco-Resilience Institute)
Publication Information
Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure / v.8, no.4, 2021 , pp. 281-289 More about this Journal
Abstract
Commercially used disposable cups undergo fragmentation in the environment and become microplastics (MPs). These MPs can be ingested by aquatic organisms and cause a range of adverse effects. We assessed the acute and chronic toxicity of disposable cup-derived MP fragments in Daphnia magna. MP fragments were identified as a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fragment with a size of 33.18 ± 7.76 ㎛. The presence of three additives including 1- Propanone. 1-phenyl-3-[2-(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-, p-Xylene and ethylbenzene was analyzed from MP fragments. The 48 h acute toxicity revealed that 20 % of immobilization and mortality were found at the highest concentration of PET MP (200 mg L-1). The 21 d chronic toxicity revealed that PET MP fragments significantly (p < 0.05) more reduced survival rate (31 %), total offspring (52 %) in D. magna compared with control group. The developmental abnormality of offspring (3.5%) by PET MP fragments was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than control groups (0.3%). These results are possibly induced by gut blocking by ingestion of MP fragments and their longer retention time. These findings indicate that the fragmentation of disposable cups (PET polymers) into small-sized MP fragments pose a significant ecological risk to aquatic organisms. Further studies are required to elucidate the underlying toxicity mechanisms.
Keywords
Additives; Chronic toxicity; Daphnid; Microplastics; Waste plastics;
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