Browse > Article

A Study on Preparation and Binding Properties of Germanium-fortified Yeast  

Lee, Sung-Hee (GerantiPharm. Ltd.)
Ahn, Sang-Doo (Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University)
Rho, Sook-Nyung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University)
Sohn, Tsang-Uk (GerantiPharm. Ltd.)
Publication Information
Applied Biological Chemistry / v.48, no.4, 2005 , pp. 382-387 More about this Journal
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify binding properties of germanium (Ge) in Germanium-fortified Yeast using optimum manufacturing process. The ratio of yeast cell and germanium solution was 1 : 0.5 (50%), and pH 6.5, $35^{\circ}C$ and 20 h during fermentation, and Germanium-fortified Yeast produced. In results of the XRD, NMR and FT-IR analysis, it was different adding inorganic Ge $(GeO_2)$ during fermentation process from transformed into germanium in Germanium-fortified Yeast. And germanium concentration was not shown any difference before and after in the dialysis test with SGF (simulated gastric fluids). Therefore, Germanium-fortified Yeast of Geranti made by using biosynthetic technology was considered that transformed into organic properties during fermentation process. And, this result showed that Germanium-fortified Yeast was not dissociated under SGF (simulated gastric fluids) condition because of its structural binding safety. Thus, Germanium-fortified Yeast was transformed into organic germanium during biosynthetic cultivation. It is expected that this Germanium-fortified Yeast can be applied as a new dietary functional materials for cellular immunity, recovery of injured cells and immune system, and possible anticancer activities by activation immune cells like macrophage.
Keywords
Germanium-fortified Yeast; fermentation; Germanium binding;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Arimori, S., Watanabe, K., Yoshida, M. and Nagao, T. (1981) Effect of Ge-132 as Immunomodulator, In: Immunomodulation by Microbial Products and Related Synthetic Compounds. Int. Symp. Osaka July 27-29
2 VanDyke, M. I., Lee, H. and J. T. Travors. (1989) Germanium toxicity in selected bacterial and yeast stains. J. Ind. Microbiol. 4, 299-30   DOI
3 Kang, J. K., Kim, Y. B., Kim, K. H. and Ha, S. K. (1986) A study of the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of the Smith Kline_RIT recombinant DNA yeast-derived hepatitis B in healthy young adults. Korean J. Int. Med. 31, 318-322
4 Yu, K. W., Oh, S. H., Choi, Y. S., Hwang, W. J. and Suh, H. J. (2001) The reduction effect of yeast hydrolysate SCP-20 on premenstrual syndrome. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutri. 30, 1000-1003
5 Sanai, T., S. Okuda, and K. Onoyarna. (1991) Chronic tubulointestitial changes induced by germanium dioxide in comparison with carboxyrthylgermanium sesquioxide. Kidney. Int. 40, 882-890   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Kada, T., Mochizuki, H. and Miyao, K. (1984) Antimutagenic effects of germanium oxide on Trp-2-indued frame shift mutations in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA1538. Mutat. Res. 125, 145-151   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Anna, K. K. (1990) In Yeasts and yeast-like organisms. (1st ed.), VCH Press, New York, pp. 131-205
8 Wei, X. S. (1992) Effect of yeast on bioenrichment of germanium. Food Science. 149, 49-54
9 Ishida, N., Suzuki, F. and Hayashi, Y. (1979) Antitumor effects of organic germanium compound (Ge-132) in mouse tumors. Proc. the Japanese Cancer Assoc. Annual meeting, p. 193
10 Klapcinska, B. and Clmielowski, J. (1986) Binding of germanium to Pseudomonas putida cells. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 51, 1144-1147
11 Sanai, T., Oochi, N. and S. Okuda. (1990) Subacute nephrotoxicity of germanium dioxide in the experimental animal. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 103, 345-353   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Sandra, G. (1988) Therapeutic effects of organic germanium. Med. Hypotheses 26, 207-215   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
13 Schroeder, H. A. and Balassa, J. J. (1967) Arsenic, germanium, tin, and vanadium in mice: Effects on growth, survival and tissue levels. J. Nutr. 92, 245-252
14 Asai, K. (1980) In Miracle Cure-Organic germanium. Japan publications Inc. (USA)
15 Li, A. P., Dahl, A. R. and mn, J. O. (1982) In vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of dichloride and dibutylgermanium dichloride. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 64, 482-485   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Lee, H. K., Kim, J. S. and Kang, T. B. (2004) Extraction of Organic Germanium Compound from Garlic. Inst. Natural Sci. Sangmyung Univ. 12, 1-18
17 Song, W. J., Lee, S. C. and Oh, T. K (1995) Preparation of organic germanium by yeast cell. Kor. J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 23, 87-90
18 Lynn, M. R. and Geoffrey, M. G. (1997) Mutants of Sacchromyces cerevisiae defective in vacuolar function a role for the vacuole in toxic metal ion detoxification. Microbiol. Lett. 152, 293-298   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Park, J. H., Kang, M. S., Kim, H. I., Chung, B. H., Lee, K. H. and Moon, W. K. (2003) Study on immuno-stimulating activity of glucan isolated from the cell wall of yeast mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae IS2. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 35, 483-492