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A Biomechanical Study on a New Surgical Procedure for the Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures in relation to Osteoporosis of Varying Degrees  

김봉주 (인제대학교 의생명공학대학 의용공학과)
이성재 (인제대학교 의생명공학대학 의용공학과)
권순용 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 여의도 성모병원 정형외과학 교실)
탁계래 (건국대학교 의과대학 의용공학과)
이권용 (세종대학교 기계공학과)
Publication Information
Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research / v.24, no.5, 2003 , pp. 401-410 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study investigates the biomechanical efficacies of various cement augmentation techniques with or without pressurization for varying degrees of osteoporotic femur. For this study, a biomechanical analysis using a finite element method (FEM) was undertaken to evaluate surgical procedures, Simulated models include the non-cemented(i.e., hip screw only, Type I), the cement-augmented(Type II), and the cemented augmented with pressurization(Type III) models. To simulate the fracture plane and other interfacial regions, 3-D contact elements were used with appropriate friction coefficients. Material properties of the cancellous bone were varied to accommodate varying degrees of osteoporosis(Singh indices, II∼V). For each model. the following items were analyzed to investigate the effect surgical procedures in relation to osteoporosis of varying degrees : (a) von Mises stress distribution within the femoral head in terms of volumetric percentages. (b) Peak von Mises stress(PVMS) within the femoral head and the surgical constructs. (c) Maximum von Mises strain(MVMS) within the femoral head, (d) micromotions at the fracture plane and at the interfacial region between surgical construct and surrounding bone. Type III showed the lowest PVMS and MVMS at the cancellous bone near the bone-construct interface regardless of bone densities. an indication of its least likelihood of construct loosening due to failure of the host bone. Particularly, its efficacy was more prominent when the bone density level was low. Micromotions at the interfacial surgical construct was lowest in Type III. followed by Type I and Type II. They were about 15-20% of other types. which suggested that pressurization was most effective in limiting the interfacial motion. Our results demonstrated the cement augmentation with hip screw could be more effective when used with pressurization technique for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures. For patients with low bone density. its effectiveness can be more pronounced in limiting construct loosening and promoting bone union.
Keywords
Intertrochanteric fracture; Sliding hip screw; Bone cement 〈PMMA〉; Biomechanics; Finite element method;
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